在肉鸡中添加谷氨酰胺和不同水平的欧米伽-3 的早期喂养方案的见解:生长性能、肌肉生成、抗氧化能力、肠道屏障健康和混合感染防御。

Insights of early feeding regime supplemented with glutamine and various levels of omega-3 in broiler chickens: growth performance, muscle building, antioxidant capacity, intestinal barriers health and defense against mixed infection.

机构信息

Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.

Biochemistry Department, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Mansoura Branch, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt.

出版信息

Vet Q. 2024 Dec;44(1):1-20. doi: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2373287. Epub 2024 Jul 3.

Abstract

Early nutritional management approach greatly impacts broilers' performance and resistance against coccidiosis. The current study explored the impact of post-hatch feeding with a combination of glutamine (Glut) and different levels of omega-3 on broiler chickens' growth performance, muscle building, intestinal barrier, antioxidant ability and protection against avian coccidiosis. A total of six hundred Cobb 500 was divided into six groups: first group (fed basal diet and unchallenged (control) and challenged (negative control, NC) groups were fed a basal diet without additives, and the other groups were infected with and supplemented with 1.5% Glut alone or with three different levels of omega-3 (0.25, 0.5 and 1%) during the starter period. Notable improvement in body weight gain was observed in the group which fed basal diet supplemented with glut and 1% omega 3 even after coccidia infection (increased by 25% compared challenged group) while feed conversion ratio was restored to control. Myogeneis was enhanced in the group supplemented with Glut and omega-3 (upregulation of myogenin, MyoD, mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase and insulin like growth factor-1 and downregulating of myostatin genes). Groups supplemented with Glut and higher levels of omega-3 highly expressed occluding, mucin-2, junctional Adhesion Molecule 2, b-defensin-1 and cathelicidins-2 genes. Group fed 1% Glut + omega-3 showed an increased total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase and super oxide dismutase enzymes activities with reduced levels of malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species and HO. Post-infection, dietary Glut and 1% omega-3 increased intestinal interleukin-10 (IL) and secretory immunoglobulin-A and serum lysozyme, while decreased the elevated inflammatory mediators comprising interleukin IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nitric oxide (NO) and inducible NO synthase. Fecal oocyst excretion and lesions score severity were lowered in the group fed 1% Glut and omega 3. Based on these findings, dietary Glut and omega-3 supplementation augmented restored overall broilers' performance after coccidial challenge.

摘要

早期营养管理方法对肉鸡的性能和抗球虫病能力有很大影响。本研究探讨了出壳后用谷氨酰胺(Glut)和不同水平的欧米伽 3 组合喂养对肉鸡生长性能、肌肉发育、肠道屏障、抗氧化能力和抗禽球虫病的影响。将 600 只科布 500 只鸡分为六组:第一组(饲喂基础日粮和未挑战(对照)和挑战(阴性对照,NC)组饲喂不含添加剂的基础日粮,其他组感染 并在起始期单独补充 1.5% Glut 或补充 3 种不同水平的欧米伽 3(0.25、0.5 和 1%)。即使在球虫感染后,饲喂基础日粮并补充谷氨酰胺和 1%欧米伽 3 的组体重增加显著(比感染组增加 25%),而饲料转化率恢复到对照水平。补充 Glut 和欧米伽 3 的组肌生成增强(肌生成素、MyoD、雷帕霉素靶蛋白激酶和胰岛素样生长因子-1 上调,肌肉生长抑制素基因下调)。补充 Glut 和较高水平欧米伽 3 的组高度表达紧密连接蛋白、黏蛋白-2、连接黏附分子 2、β-防御素-1 和 cathelicidins-2 基因。饲喂 1%Glut+omega-3 的组总抗氧化能力和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性增加,丙二醛、活性氧和 HO 水平降低。感染后,日粮 Glut 和 1%omega-3 增加了肠道白细胞介素 10(IL)和分泌型免疫球蛋白 A 和血清溶菌酶,同时降低了升高的炎症介质包括白细胞介素 IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α、一氧化氮(NO)和诱导型一氧化氮合酶。饲喂 1%Glut 和 omega-3 的组粪便卵囊排出量和病变评分严重程度降低。基于这些发现,日粮 Glut 和 omega-3 补充剂增强了球虫挑战后肉鸡的整体性能。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4523/11225632/6f87f44a1b89/TVEQ_A_2373287_F0001_C.jpg

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