Tomaszewska Ewa, Domaradzki Piotr, Drabik Kamil, Kasperek Kornel, Puzio Iwona, Burmańczuk Artur, Batkowska Justyna, Arciszewski Marcin B, Muszyński Siemowit
Department of Animal Physiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 12, 20-950, Lublin, Poland.
Department of Quality Assessment and Processing of Animal Products, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950, Lublin, Poland.
Poult Sci. 2025 May 12;104(8):105290. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2025.105290.
This study evaluated the long-term effects of dietary glutamine (Gln) supplementation on the fatty acid (FA) composition of breast meat in Japanese quail. Six-week-old dual-purpose female quails were allocated to four dietary treatments, receiving 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, or 1.5% Gln from the onset of egg laying until peak production. The experiment was conducted at two time points, after 6 and 12 weeks of Gln supplementation (i.e., at 12 and 18 weeks of age, respectively), to assess age-related changes in lipid metabolism. Fatty acid profiles were determined by gas chromatography, and both relative percentages and absolute contents were assessed. Approximately 37 FA were identified, and Gln supplementation significantly influenced the FA profile, with notable interactions between age and dosage observed for several FAs. In older birds, the total polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) content, particularly n-3 PUFA, decreased, while saturated FA (SFA) levels increased. These shifts resulted in reduced PUFA/SFA, alongside increased atherogenic, thrombogenic, and peroxidation indices. Regarding the main effect of dose, the 0.5% Gln supplementation reduced content of total MUFA and PUFA due to the decrease of C14:1c9, C16:1c9, and C20:3n6, respectively. The 0.5% Gln dose appears to optimize lipid metabolism by improving the n-6/n-3 PUFA balance. The findings indicate that Gln supplementation can modulate lipid metabolism in quails, potentially improving the nutritional quality of the meat by optimizing the balance between beneficial and detrimental FA and providing practical implications for dual-purpose quail production systems. However, the concurrent rise in lipid peroxidation susceptibility warrants further investigation into strategies to maintain meat quality.
本研究评估了日粮补充谷氨酰胺（Gln）对日本鹌鹑胸肉脂肪酸（FA）组成的长期影响。六周龄的兼用型雌性鹌鹑被分配到四种日粮处理组，从产蛋开始到产蛋高峰期分别接受0%、0.5%、1.0%或1.5%的Gln。在补充Gln 6周和12周后（即分别在12周龄和18周龄）的两个时间点进行实验，以评估脂质代谢的年龄相关变化。通过气相色谱法测定脂肪酸谱，并评估相对百分比和绝对含量。共鉴定出约37种脂肪酸，补充Gln显著影响了脂肪酸谱，几种脂肪酸在年龄和剂量之间存在显著的相互作用。在老龄鹌鹑中，总多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）含量，尤其是n-3多不饱和脂肪酸含量下降，而饱和脂肪酸（SFA）水平上升。这些变化导致PUFA/SFA降低，同时动脉粥样硬化、血栓形成和过氧化指数升高。关于剂量的主要影响，补充0.5%的Gln分别由于C14:1c9、C16:1c9和C20:3n6的减少而降低了总单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸的含量。0.5%的Gln剂量似乎通过改善n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸平衡来优化脂质代谢。研究结果表明，补充Gln可以调节鹌鹑的脂质代谢，有可能通过优化有益脂肪酸和有害脂肪酸之间的平衡来提高肉的营养质量，并为兼用型鹌鹑生产系统提供实际意义。然而，脂质过氧化敏感性的同时升高值得进一步研究维持肉质的策略。
