Clin Lab. 2024 Jul 1;70(7). doi: 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.240209.
Mycobacterium abscessus is a new pathogen in recent years, which belongs to non-tuberculosis mycobacterium. Mycobacterium abscessus is widely involved in many nosocomial infections and secondary aggravation of genetic respiratory diseases. Mycobacterium abscessus is naturally resistant to most antibiotics and is difficult to treat. We report a case of mycobacterium abscessus infection with hemoptysis as the first manifestation.
Bronchoscopy, next-generation sequencing (NGS).
Acid-fast staining of bronchoscopic lavage fluid showed that a small amount of acid-fast bacilli could be seen. NGS test showed the presence of Mycobacterium abscess, sequence number 137 (reference range ≥ 0), and symptomatic treatment against non-tuberculosis mycobacteria.
For the follow-up infection of patients with hemoptysis, the treatment effect of antibiotics is not good, so the pathological tissue should be obtained by bronchoscopy or percutaneous lung biopsy in time, and the diagnosis should be confirmed by NGS if necessary.
脓肿分枝杆菌是近年来新出现的病原体，属于非结核分枝杆菌。脓肿分枝杆菌广泛涉及多种医院获得性感染和遗传呼吸道疾病的继发加重。脓肿分枝杆菌天然对抗生素具有耐药性，治疗困难。我们报告了一例以咯血为首发表现的脓肿分枝杆菌感染。
支气管镜检查，下一代测序（NGS）。
支气管镜灌洗液抗酸染色可见少量抗酸杆菌。NGS 检测显示存在脓肿分枝杆菌，序列数 137（参考范围≥0），并针对非结核分枝杆菌进行对症治疗。
对于咯血患者的后续感染，抗生素治疗效果不佳，因此应及时通过支气管镜或经皮肺活检获取病理组织，必要时通过 NGS 确诊。
