Kartal Mustafa Tevfik, Shahbaz Muhammad, Taşkın Dilvin, Kılıç Depren Serpil, Ayhan Fatih
Department of Finance and Banking, European University of Lefke, Lefke, Northern Cyprus, TR-10, Mersin, Türkiye; Adnan Kassar School of Business, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Economics, College of Political Science and Economics, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Economics and Management, Khazar University, Baku, Azerbaijan; Clinic of Economics, Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC), Baku, Azerbaijan; GUST Center for Sustainable Development, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, Kuwait.
Department of International Trade and Finance, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China; GUST Center for Sustainable Development, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, Kuwait; Department of Land Economy, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Aug;365:121664. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121664. Epub 2024 Jul 4.
Public interest in climate change-related problems has been developing with the contribution of the recent energy crisis. Accordingly, countries have been increasing their efforts to decarbonize economies. In this context, energy transition and energy-related research and development (R&D) investments can be important strategic tools to be helpful to countries in the decarbonization of economies. Among all, Nordic countries have come to the force because of their well-known position as green economies. Hence, this study examines Nordic countries to investigate the impact of energy transition, renewable energy R&D investments (RRD), energy efficiency R&D investments (EEF) on carbon dioxide (CO) emissions by performing wavelet local multiple correlation (WLMC) model and using data from 2000/1 to 2021/12. The outcomes reveal that (i) based on bi-variate cases, energy transition and RRD have a mixed impact on CO emissions in all countries across all frequencies; EEF has a declining impact on CO emissions in Norway (Sweden) at low and medium (very high) frequencies; (ii) according to four-variate cases, all variables have a combined increasing impact on CO emissions; (iii) RRD is the most influential dominant factor in all countries excluding Norway, where EEF is the pioneering one. Thus, the reach proves the varying impacts of energy transition, RRD, and EEF investments on CO emissions. In line with the outcomes of the novel WLMC model, various policy endeavors, such as focusing on displacement between sub-types of R&D investments, are argued to ensure the decarbonization of the economies.
随着近期能源危机的影响，公众对气候变化相关问题的关注度不断提高。相应地，各国一直在加大经济脱碳的力度。在这种背景下，能源转型以及与能源相关的研发（R&D）投资可能成为有助于各国实现经济脱碳的重要战略工具。其中，北欧国家因其作为绿色经济体的知名地位而崭露头角。因此，本研究通过运用小波局部多重相关性（WLMC）模型并使用2000年1月至2021年12月的数据，对北欧国家进行考察，以探究能源转型、可再生能源研发投资（RRD）、能源效率研发投资（EEF）对二氧化碳（CO）排放的影响。结果显示：（i）在双变量情况下，能源转型和RRD在所有频率上对所有国家的CO排放都有混合影响；EEF在低频和中频（甚高频）时对挪威（瑞典）的CO排放有下降影响；（ii）根据四变量情况，所有变量对CO排放都有综合的增加影响；（iii）在除挪威以外的所有国家，RRD是最具影响力的主导因素，在挪威，EEF是主导因素。因此，研究结果证明了能源转型、RRD和EEF投资对CO排放的不同影响。根据新颖的WLMC模型的结果，有人认为应采取各种政策举措，例如关注研发投资子类型之间的替代，以确保经济脱碳。
