School of Public Administration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Law and Government, Ministry of Natural Resources of China, Wuhan, 430074, China.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Aug;366:121652. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121652. Epub 2024 Jul 5.
Regions can meet their development demands through trade, with the attendant environmental costs being shifted to other regions, and carbon emissions emitted from different industries could be transferred over long distances through the increasingly diversified trade network. However, it remains unclear how regional trade leads to the tele-connection and transfer of embodied carbon emissions form industries, and what is the structure and characteristics of the transfer. Thus, multiregional input‒output models and complex network analysis are employed to reveal the tele-connection of carbon emissions from industries in China. The results show that embodied carbon emissions from trade increased by 869.47 million tons during in five years, with North China being the largest outflow area, while the coastal regions being the inflow areas. Moreover, the secondary industry is the highest source of embodied carbon emissions, accounting for 96.68 % of the volume, and the transfer of carbon emissions mainly occurs in North and East China. In carbon emissions networks, North China holds a controlling position, as analysed by degree and strength. The first 23.3%-30% of nodes carry about 62.6%-72.4% of the entire carbon emissions flow, and the network conforms to scale-free features. Centrality further reveals that northern and coastal areas occupy core positions, with interregional carbon flows dominating the critical pathways in the network. The number of clusters evolved from three to four communities during 2012-2017 in the network, demonstrating that the carbon flow network is developing towards multipolarity and modularity. This study underscores the urgency of mitigating carbon emissions in industrial trade by identifying key nodes and cluster structures in emission networks.
区域可以通过贸易满足其发展需求，随之将环境成本转移到其他地区，而不同行业排放的碳可以通过日益多样化的贸易网络长距离转移。然而，区域贸易如何导致产业隐含碳排放的远程联系和转移，以及转移的结构和特征如何，仍不清楚。因此，采用多区域投入产出模型和复杂网络分析来揭示中国产业碳排放的远程联系。结果表明，贸易隐含碳排放量在五年内增加了 8694.7 万吨，其中华北地区是最大的流出区，而沿海地区是流入区。此外，第二产业是隐含碳排放量的最高来源，占总量的 96.68%，碳排放量的转移主要发生在华北和华东地区。在碳排放网络中，华北地区通过度和强度分析处于控制地位。前 23.3%-30%的节点承载了约 62.6%-72.4%的全部碳排放流量，网络符合无标度特征。中心性进一步表明，北部和沿海地区占据核心地位，区域间碳流主导网络中的关键路径。2012-2017 年间，网络中的聚类数从三个演化为四个社区，表明碳流网络正朝着多极性和模块化发展。本研究通过识别排放网络中的关键节点和聚类结构，强调了通过减缓工业贸易中的碳排放来缓解气候变化的紧迫性。
