Wang Peifang, Tao Weixiang, Zhou Tianhong, Wang Jie, Zhao Chenrui, Zhou Gang, Yamauchi Yusuke
Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) and School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
Adv Mater. 2024 Aug;36(35):e2404418. doi: 10.1002/adma.202404418. Epub 2024 Jul 8.
Osmotic energy, often referred to as "blue energy", is the energy generated from the mixing of solutions with different salt concentrations, offering a vast, renewable, and environmentally friendly energy resource. The efficacy of osmotic power production considerably relies on the performance of the transmembrane process, which depends on ionic conductivity and the capability to differentiate between positive and negative ions. Recent advancements have led to the development of membrane materials featuring precisely tailored ion transport nanochannels, enabling high-efficiency osmotic energy harvesting. In this review, ion diffusion in confined nanochannels and the rational design and optimization of membrane architecture are explored. Furthermore, structural optimization of the membrane to mitigate transport resistance and the concentration polarization effect for enhancing osmotic energy harvesting is highlighted. Finally, an outlook on the challenges that lie ahead is provided, and the potential applications of osmotic energy conversion are outlined. This review offers a comprehensive viewpoint on the evolving prospects of osmotic energy conversion.
渗透能，通常被称为“蓝色能源”，是由不同盐浓度的溶液混合产生的能量，提供了一种巨大、可再生且环保的能源资源。渗透发电的效率在很大程度上依赖于跨膜过程的性能，而跨膜过程又取决于离子电导率以及区分正负离子的能力。最近的进展促使了具有精确定制离子传输纳米通道的膜材料的开发，从而实现高效的渗透能收集。在这篇综述中，探讨了受限纳米通道中的离子扩散以及膜结构的合理设计与优化。此外，还强调了对膜进行结构优化以降低传输阻力和浓度极化效应，从而增强渗透能收集。最后，展望了未来面临的挑战，并概述了渗透能转换的潜在应用。这篇综述提供了关于渗透能转换不断发展前景的全面观点。
