Cheng Cih, Williamson Eric J, Chiu George T-C, Han Bumsoo
School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA.
Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA.
Med X. 2024;2(1):9. doi: 10.1007/s44258-024-00024-4. Epub 2024 Jul 3.
Hydrogels with particulates, including proteins, drugs, nanoparticles, and cells, enable the development of new and innovative biomaterials. Precise control of the spatial distribution of these particulates is crucial to produce advanced biomaterials. Thus, there is a high demand for manufacturing methods for particle-laden hydrogels. In this context, 3D printing of hydrogels is emerging as a promising method to create numerous innovative biomaterials. Among the 3D printing methods, inkjet printing, so-called drop-on-demand (DOD) printing, stands out for its ability to construct biomaterials with superior spatial resolutions. However, its printing processes are still designed by trial and error due to a limited understanding of the ink behavior during the printing processes. This review discusses the current understanding of transport processes and hydrogel behaviors during inkjet printing for particulate-laden hydrogels. Specifically, we review the transport processes of water and particulates within hydrogel during ink formulation, jetting, and curing. Additionally, we examine current inkjet printing applications in fabricating engineered tissues, drug delivery devices, and advanced bioelectronics components. Finally, the challenges and opportunities for next-generation inkjet printing are also discussed.
含有蛋白质、药物、纳米颗粒和细胞等微粒的水凝胶能够推动新型创新生物材料的开发。精确控制这些微粒的空间分布对于生产先进生物材料至关重要。因此，对载有颗粒的水凝胶的制造方法有很高的需求。在这种背景下，水凝胶的3D打印正成为一种有前景的方法，可用于制造众多创新生物材料。在3D打印方法中，喷墨打印，即所谓的按需滴墨（DOD）打印，因其能够构建具有卓越空间分辨率的生物材料而脱颖而出。然而，由于对打印过程中墨水行为的理解有限，其打印工艺仍通过反复试验来设计。本综述讨论了当前对载有颗粒的水凝胶喷墨打印过程中传输过程和水凝胶行为的理解。具体而言，我们回顾了水凝胶在墨水配制、喷射和固化过程中水分和微粒的传输过程。此外，我们研究了当前喷墨打印在制造工程组织、药物递送装置和先进生物电子组件方面的应用。最后，还讨论了下一代喷墨打印面临的挑战和机遇。
