Mutlu Sevil, Ziegler Birgit, Granato Mona
Institute for General Education and Vocational Education, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.
Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (BIBB), Bonn, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2024 Jun 21;14:1235221. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1235221. eCollection 2023.
To manage the transition from school to work, young people need to learn about occupations, explore their own (professional) interests, skills and values, and make career-related decisions. According to Gottfredson's Career Construction (CC) theory (1981), young people - influenced by their need for social approval - have already narrowed down their spectrum of acceptable occupations by the time they participate in school-based career orientation programs. Therefore, we focus on career guidance interventions that take into account their need for social approval. We present first results of an intervention study of a newly developed approval-sensitive workshop, "Logic of Career Choice." It challenges students' mostly unconscious need for social approval, raising awareness and prompting reflection and action on this aspect of their career choices. By analyzing a sample based on a quasi-experimental treatment-control group research design, we examine to what extent this workshop can contribute to reaching its objectives [ = 1236 students in secondary schools; treatment group ( = 766); control group ( = 470)]. Confirmatory factor analyses indicate the reliability of the new measurement instruments. The six examined constructs include (1) the relevance of social approval, (2) the feeling of autonomy, (3) interest in career choice, (4) reflection of needs, (5) intention to act, and (6) reported career choice activities. The results reveal partial confirmation of hypothesis (1) regarding the importance of social approval and (2) the feeling of autonomy. However, the constructs (4) reflection of needs and (5) intention to act show parallel developments in both the treatment and control groups, leading to the rejection of these hypotheses. The constructs (3) interest in career choice and (6) retrospectively reported activities regarding career choice show unexpected effects of the workshop. Interest in career choice decreases significantly more in the treatment group than in the control group, and the treatment group reports significantly more retrospective career choice activities. The discussion interprets the results in the context of their scientific and practical implications, with special attention given to the decrease in interest in career choice in the treatment group and the increased retrospective reporting of career choice activities.
为了应对从学校到工作的过渡，年轻人需要了解各种职业，探索自己（专业）的兴趣、技能和价值观，并做出与职业相关的决定。根据戈特弗雷德森的职业建构（CC）理论（1981年），年轻人由于受到社会认可需求的影响，在参加基于学校的职业指导项目时，就已经缩小了他们可接受的职业范围。因此，我们关注那些考虑到他们对社会认可需求的职业指导干预措施。我们展示了一项针对新开发的对认可敏感的工作坊“职业选择的逻辑”的干预研究的初步结果。它挑战了学生大多无意识的对社会认可的需求，提高了他们的意识，并促使他们对职业选择的这一方面进行反思和行动。通过基于准实验治疗-对照组研究设计对一个样本进行分析，我们考察这个工作坊在多大程度上能够有助于实现其目标[ = 1236名中学生；治疗组（ = 766名）；对照组（ = 470名）]。验证性因素分析表明了新测量工具的可靠性。所考察的六个构念包括：（1）社会认可的相关性，（2）自主感，（3）职业选择兴趣，（4）需求反思，（5）行动意图，以及（6）报告的职业选择活动。结果部分证实了关于社会认可重要性的假设（1）和自主感的假设（2）。然而，构念（4）需求反思和（5）行动意图在治疗组和对照组中呈现出平行发展，导致这些假设被否决。构念（3）职业选择兴趣和（6）关于职业选择的回顾性报告活动显示出工作坊产生了意想不到的效果。治疗组中职业选择兴趣的下降幅度显著大于对照组，并且治疗组报告的回顾性职业选择活动显著更多。讨论在科学和实践意义的背景下对结果进行了解释，特别关注了治疗组中职业选择兴趣的下降以及职业选择活动回顾性报告的增加。
