Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2024 Nov;57:101882. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2024.101882. Epub 2024 Jul 6.
To systematically investigate the efficacy of aromatherapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
We conducted a comprehensive search for papers published until November 2023 using the following databases: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. This study was conducted following the PRISMA and Cochrane Guidelines. The inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) performed to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhalation aromatherapy versus controls in individuals diagnosed with ACS. The Jadad rating method was used to assess the quality of the included studies, and a meta-analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.4 software. Heterogeneity was quantified using the Higgins I2 (%) test.
A total of 12 RCTs with 476 patients with ACS were included. Aromatherapy has been shown to reduce anxiety scores significantly (standard mean difference [SMD]: -1.18, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: -1.33 to -1.03; P < 0.00001) along with reduction in systolic blood pressure (MD = -8.78, 95 % CI [-13.92, -3.65], P = 0.008); diastolic blood pressure (MD = -7.76, 95 % CI [-11.39, -4.12], P < 0.001); mean artery pressure MD = -9.68, 95 % CI [-13.93.-5.44]; P < 0.0001). However, no significant effects were reported on the heart rate (MD = -6.98, 95 % CI [-15.46, 1.50], P = 0.11) and respiratory rate (MD = -0.67, 95 % CI [-2.52, 1.19], P = 0.48). A greater frequency of aromatherapy was associated greater anxiety -1.80 incidence, with 95 % CI [-2.04, -1.56]. Citrus essential oils exhibited the strongest effect (SMD = -1.97, 95 % CI [-3.34, -0.60], P = 0.005) in reducing anxiety levels.
Aromatherapy appears to be an effective non-pharmacological intervention for reducing blood pressure and anxiety in individuals with ACS. This suggests that aromatherapy more than twice a day is effective in reducing anxiety levels. However, aromatherapy had no statistically significant impact on the heart or respiratory rates. Moreover, additional high-quality RCTs should be conducted to verify these results and explore the efficacy and mechanism of aromatherapy in patients with ACS.
系统评估芳香疗法对急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）患者的疗效。
我们全面检索了截至 2023 年 11 月发表的文献，使用的数据库包括 PubMed、Embase 和 Cochrane Library。本研究遵循 PRISMA 和 Cochrane 指南进行。纳入标准为评估吸入芳香疗法与对照组在 ACS 患者中的比较疗效的随机对照试验（RCT）。采用 Jadad 评分法评估纳入研究的质量，并使用 RevMan 5.4 软件进行荟萃分析。使用 Higgins I2（%）检验来量化异质性。
共纳入 12 项包含 476 名 ACS 患者的 RCT。芳香疗法可显著降低焦虑评分（标准均数差 [SMD]：-1.18，95%置信区间 [CI]：-1.33 至-1.03；P<0.00001），同时降低收缩压（MD=-8.78，95%CI[-13.92，-3.65]，P=0.008）、舒张压（MD=-7.76，95%CI[-11.39，-4.12]，P<0.001）和平均动脉压（MD=-9.68，95%CI[-13.93.-5.44]；P<0.0001）。然而，在心率（MD=-6.98，95%CI[-15.46，1.50]，P=0.11）和呼吸频率（MD=-0.67，95%CI[-2.52，1.19]，P=0.48）方面，未观察到显著影响。芳香疗法的使用频率更高（MD=-1.80，95%CI[-2.04，-1.56]），焦虑发生率更高。柑橘属精油在降低焦虑水平方面表现出最强的效果（SMD=-1.97，95%CI[-3.34，-0.60]，P=0.005）。
芳香疗法似乎是一种有效的非药物干预措施，可降低 ACS 患者的血压和焦虑水平。这表明每天进行两次以上的芳香疗法可有效降低焦虑水平。然而，芳香疗法对心率和呼吸率没有统计学意义上的影响。此外，还需要进行更多高质量的 RCT 来验证这些结果，并探讨芳香疗法在 ACS 患者中的疗效和机制。
