Cardozo Alarcón Andrés Camilo, Moreno Arenas Nathaly, Verjel Ávila Kharen Alessandra, Trujillo Maza Elena María, Greniez Rodríguez Charlotte, Vargas Riaño Olga Lucía, Suárez Acevedo Daniel Enrique
Universidad de los Andes, Ak. 7 #116-5, Bogotá, Colombia.
, Alianza Educativa. Cl. 16 # 6-66, Bogotá, Colombia.
Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2024 Jul 8;18(1):81. doi: 10.1186/s13034-024-00768-2.
The association between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), prosocial behavior, and depression (like other negative mental health outcomes) has not been thoroughly understood. This study aimed at evaluating their simultaneous association while controlling for key confounding variables.
A cross-sectional study was carried-out with 2918 secondary school students from seven charter schools located in low-resourced neighborhoods in Bogota (Colombia), 54.12% were female, and mean age was 13.81 years. The self-report instrument included demographic variables, well-being, mental health, risk behaviors and symptoms of psychopathology. Assessment of ACEs was done by a series of yes/no questions, prosocial behavior was evaluated with the corresponding subscale in the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and depression was assessed with the Self-Reporting Questionnaire. Associations were tested using the Spearman correlation coefficient, Z tests and Chi-square tests, and all primary outcome analyses were adjusted for potential confounding variables through multivariate logistic regression using depression as outcome.
Mean exposure to ACEs was 3.15 events; those exposed to four or more obtained lower scores in well-being, satisfaction with life and family functioning, and higher scores in symptoms of psychopathology. For the prosocial behavior scores, 64.35% were classified as close to the average, 17.51% as slightly lowered, 11.91% as low, and 6.23% as very low; participants with higher levels of prosocial behavior showed lower scores in symptoms of psychopathology. While ACEs had a positive association with depressive symptoms (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.67-2.94), prosocial behavior did not have a significant association with either ACEs or depressive symptoms in multivariate regression models.
Novel studies should further elucidate the developmental pathways involving positive and negative mental health constructs to better understand the actual effectiveness of interventions that use these constructs in their design.
童年不良经历（ACEs）、亲社会行为与抑郁（与其他负面心理健康结果类似）之间的关联尚未得到充分理解。本研究旨在评估它们在控制关键混杂变量时的同时关联。
对来自哥伦比亚波哥大资源匮乏社区的七所特许学校的2918名中学生进行了一项横断面研究，其中54.12%为女性，平均年龄为13.81岁。自我报告工具包括人口统计学变量、幸福感、心理健康、风险行为和精神病理学症状。通过一系列是/否问题对ACEs进行评估，使用优势与困难问卷中的相应子量表评估亲社会行为，并使用自我报告问卷评估抑郁。使用斯皮尔曼相关系数、Z检验和卡方检验进行关联测试，所有主要结局分析均通过以抑郁为结局的多变量逻辑回归对潜在混杂变量进行调整。
ACEs的平均暴露事件数为3.15次；暴露于四次或更多次ACEs的人在幸福感、生活满意度和家庭功能方面得分较低，而在精神病理学症状方面得分较高。对于亲社会行为得分，64.35%被归类为接近平均水平，17.51%为略有降低；11.91%为低水平，6.23%为极低水平；亲社会行为水平较高的参与者在精神病理学症状方面得分较低。虽然ACEs与抑郁症状呈正相关（优势比[OR]2.21，95%置信区间[CI]1.67 - 2.94），但在多变量回归模型中，亲社会行为与ACEs或抑郁症状均无显著关联。
新的研究应进一步阐明涉及积极和消极心理健康结构的发展途径，以更好地理解在设计中使用这些结构的干预措施的实际效果。
