Sewell Kelsey R, Peiffer Jeremiah J, Markovic Shaun J, Brown Belinda M
Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia.
Australian Alzheimer's Research Foundation, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
Front Sports Act Living. 2024 Jun 24;6:1368262. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1368262. eCollection 2024.
Non-exercise estimates of cardiorespiratory fitness hold great utility for epidemiological research and clinical practice. Older adults may yield the greatest benefit from fitness estimates due to limited capacity to undergo strenuous maximal exercise testing, however, few of the previously developed non-exercise equations are suitable for use in older adults. Thus, the current study developed a non-exercise equation for estimating cardiorespiratory fitness in older adults derived from the widely used International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ).
This study was a secondary analysis of baseline data from a randomized controlled trial. Participants were community-dwelling, cognitively unimpaired older adults aged 60-80 years ( = 92). They completed the IPAQ and underwent maximal exercise testing on a cycle ergometer. Stepwise linear regression was used to determine the equation in a randomly selected, sex-balanced, derivation subset of participants ( = 60), and subsequently validated using a second subset of participants ( = 32).
The final equation included age, sex, body mass index and leisure time activity from the IPAQ and explained 61% and 55% of the variance in the derivation and validation groups, respectively (standard error of estimates = 3.9, 4.0). Seventy-seven and 81% of the sample fell within ±1SD (5.96 and 6.28 ml·kg-1·min-1) of measured VO for the derivation and validation subgroups. The current equation showed better performance compared to equations from Wier et al. (2006), Jackson et al. (1990), and Schembre & Riebe (2011), although it is acknowledged previous equations were developed for different populations.
Using non-exercise, easily accessible measures can yield acceptable estimates of cardiorespiratory fitness in older adults, which should be further validated in other samples and examined in relation to public health outcomes.
心肺适能的非运动评估方法在流行病学研究和临床实践中具有重要作用。由于老年人进行剧烈最大运动测试的能力有限，他们可能从适能评估中获益最大。然而，先前开发的非运动方程很少适用于老年人。因此，本研究基于广泛使用的国际体力活动问卷（IPAQ），开发了一种用于估计老年人心肺适能的非运动方程。
本研究是对一项随机对照试验的基线数据进行的二次分析。参与者为60 - 80岁的社区居住、认知未受损的老年人（n = 92）。他们完成了IPAQ，并在自行车测力计上进行了最大运动测试。采用逐步线性回归在随机选择的、性别均衡的参与者推导子集（n = 60）中确定方程，随后使用另一组参与者（n = 32）进行验证。
最终方程纳入了年龄、性别、体重指数以及IPAQ中的休闲时间活动，分别解释了推导组和验证组中61%和55%的方差（估计标准误差 = 3.9、4.0）。在推导和验证亚组中，分别有77%和81%的样本落在实测VO的±1SD范围内（5.96和6.28 ml·kg-1·min-1）。尽管之前的方程是针对不同人群开发的，但与Wier等人（2006年）、Jackson等人（1990年）以及Schembre和Riebe（2011年）的方程相比，当前方程表现更佳。
使用非运动、易于获取的测量方法可以对老年人的心肺适能得出可接受的估计值，这应在其他样本中进一步验证，并与公共卫生结果相关联进行检验。
