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IRE1α/XBP1 信号轴驱动成年骨骼肌中的成肌细胞融合。

The IRE1α/XBP1 signaling axis drives myoblast fusion in adult skeletal muscle.

机构信息

Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.

Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.

出版信息

EMBO Rep. 2024 Aug;25(8):3627-3650. doi: 10.1038/s44319-024-00197-4. Epub 2024 Jul 9.

DOI:10.1038/s44319-024-00197-4
PMID:38982191
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11316051/
Abstract

Skeletal muscle regeneration involves a signaling network that regulates the proliferation, differentiation, and fusion of muscle precursor cells to injured myofibers. IRE1α, one of the arms of the unfolded protein response, regulates cellular proteostasis in response to ER stress. Here, we demonstrate that inducible deletion of IRE1α in satellite cells of mice impairs skeletal muscle regeneration through inhibiting myoblast fusion. Knockdown of IRE1α or its downstream target, X-box protein 1 (XBP1), also inhibits myoblast fusion during myogenesis. Transcriptome analysis revealed that knockdown of IRE1α or XBP1 dysregulates the gene expression of molecules involved in myoblast fusion. The IRE1α-XBP1 axis mediates the gene expression of multiple profusion molecules, including myomaker (Mymk). Spliced XBP1 (sXBP1) transcription factor binds to the promoter of Mymk gene during myogenesis. Overexpression of myomaker in IRE1α-knockdown cultures rescues fusion defects. Inducible deletion of IRE1α in satellite cells also inhibits myoblast fusion and myofiber hypertrophy in response to functional overload. Collectively, our study demonstrates that IRE1α promotes myoblast fusion through sXBP1-mediated up-regulation of the gene expression of multiple profusion molecules, including myomaker.

摘要

骨骼肌再生涉及一个信号网络,该网络调节肌肉前体细胞的增殖、分化和融合,以修复受损的肌纤维。IRE1α 是未折叠蛋白反应的一个分支,可调节细胞内蛋白质稳态,以响应内质网应激。在这里,我们证明了在小鼠卫星细胞中诱导性敲除 IRE1α 会通过抑制成肌细胞融合而损害骨骼肌再生。IRE1α 或其下游靶点 X 盒蛋白 1(XBP1)的敲低也会在肌发生过程中抑制成肌细胞融合。转录组分析显示,敲低 IRE1α 或 XBP1 会使参与成肌细胞融合的分子的基因表达失调。IRE1α-XBP1 轴介导多个促融合分子的基因表达,包括肌生成素(Mymk)。剪接的 XBP1(sXBP1)转录因子在肌发生过程中结合到 Mymk 基因的启动子上。在 IRE1α 敲低培养物中转基因过表达肌生成素可挽救融合缺陷。在卫星细胞中诱导性敲除 IRE1α 也会抑制成肌细胞融合和肌纤维肥大对功能过载的反应。总之,我们的研究表明,IRE1α 通过 sXBP1 介导的多个促融合分子(包括肌生成素)的基因表达上调来促进成肌细胞融合。

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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0a4b/11316051/db01d5ce7ade/44319_2024_197_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0a4b/11316051/d2c18bc16a31/44319_2024_197_Fig8_HTML.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0a4b/11316051/ec1a71cc58dc/44319_2024_197_Fig10_ESM.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0a4b/11316051/3902e63698ac/44319_2024_197_Fig11_ESM.jpg
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