Genc Yunus Emre, Ulker Naif Dinc, Toper Muhammed Hasan, Yucel Selcuk, Sener Tarik Emre
Department of Urology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, TUR.
Department of Pathology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, TUR.
Cureus. 2024 May 29;16(5):e61310. doi: 10.7759/cureus.61310. eCollection 2024 May.
Bladder leiomyoma is a rare condition in pediatric and adolescent age groups, accounting for less than 1% of all bladder tumors, presenting a diverse array of histologic types and prevalence. Furthermore, bladder leiomyoma's prevalence is even more seldom with only five reported cases till the present day. Common presentation depends on the localisation and the affected layer in the bladder, urinary outlet or ureteral obstruction, irritative voiding symptoms, pelvic pain, and hematuria are the most common presentations of this condition. Diagnostic, treatment, and follow-up protocols in this entity are not well-established due to their rare occurrence in this age group. After complete surgical excision, the prognosis is excellent and the risk of recurrence is reported to be very low. Up to the present day, no instances of malignant transformation or metastasis have been documented in the literature. This case report aims to enhance current knowledge of the radiological, pathological, and clinical features of bladder leiomyoma in a 15-year-old female patient. The main complaint was lower urinary tract symptoms. An incidental solid bladder mass was discovered during the evaluation with ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Afterwards, cystoscopy confirmed a 5-centimeter solid mass at the right wall of the bladder, and transurethral piecemeal resection was performed. The bladder mass was found to be intramural, and complete endoscopic resection was considered safe and efficient during the surgery. No complications or recurrence occurred in the postoperative setting.
膀胱平滑肌瘤在儿童和青少年年龄组中是一种罕见疾病,占所有膀胱肿瘤的比例不到1%,其组织学类型和发病率各不相同。此外,膀胱平滑肌瘤的发病率更为罕见,迄今为止仅有5例报告病例。常见表现取决于其在膀胱中的位置以及受累层次,尿道出口或输尿管梗阻、刺激性排尿症状、盆腔疼痛和血尿是该疾病最常见的表现。由于其在该年龄组中罕见,该实体的诊断、治疗和随访方案尚未完全确立。完全手术切除后,预后良好,据报道复发风险非常低。迄今为止,文献中尚无恶性转化或转移的病例记录。本病例报告旨在提高目前对一名15岁女性患者膀胱平滑肌瘤的放射学、病理学和临床特征的认识。主要症状为下尿路症状。在超声和磁共振成像(MRI)评估期间偶然发现膀胱实性肿块。随后,膀胱镜检查证实膀胱右壁有一个5厘米的实性肿块,并进行了经尿道分片切除。发现膀胱肿块位于壁内,手术期间认为完全内镜切除安全有效。术后未发生并发症或复发。