Buckley P, Galanter M
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 1979 Summer;25(2):118-24. doi: 10.1177/002076407902500207.
This paper reviews the frequent phenomenon of altered states of consciousness in disparate cultural psychotherapeutic contexts. The historical antecedents of contemporary Western psychodynamic psychotherapy are examined and the central importance of altered states in the therapeutic effects of religious institutions such as the Dionysian rite and the Asclepia is illustrated. The continued presence of this phenomenon in Western psychotherapy from Mesmerism to psychoanalysis is shown. The use of trance states in the healing rituals of non-Western societies is culturally variegated therapeutic settings. The ubiquitous nature of the altered state phenomenon in such widely varied cultural contexts suggests the possibility of its being a universal component of psychotherapy.
本文回顾了不同文化心理治疗背景下意识状态改变这一常见现象。审视了当代西方心理动力疗法的历史渊源，并阐明了诸如酒神仪式和阿斯克勒庇俄斯神庙等宗教机构的治疗效果中，意识状态改变的核心重要性。展示了这一现象在从麦斯默术到精神分析的西方心理治疗中持续存在。在非西方社会的治疗仪式中对恍惚状态的运用，存在于文化各异的治疗环境中。在如此广泛多样的文化背景下，意识状态改变现象的普遍存在表明，它有可能是心理治疗的一个普遍组成部分。
