School of Arts and Humanities, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong; Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK.
Neural Systems and Behavior Laboratory, The Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Australia.
Compr Psychiatry. 2024 Oct;134:152514. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152514. Epub 2024 Jun 29.
The five-factor model of personality, as quantified using instruments such as the Big Five Inventory, consists of broad personality domains including Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism (emotional instability), and Openness. Such instruments typically include >40 items. However, instruments with many items can be unwieldly and a cause of measurement error in clinical and cohort studies where multiple scales are sequenced. Conversely, established 5- and 10-item versions of the Big Five Inventory have poor reliability. Here, we developed and validated an abbreviated 18-item Big Five Inventory that balances efficiency, reliability and sensitivity.
We analysed three datasets (N = 59,797, N = 21,177, and N = 87,983) from individuals who participated in the online Great British Intelligence Test (GBIT) study, a collaborative citizen science project with BBC2 Horizon. We applied factor analyses (FA), predictive normative modelling, and one-sample t-tests to validate the 18-item version of the Big Five and to investigate its associations with psychiatric and neurological conditions.
The 18-item version of the Big Five Inventory had higher validity and retest reliability compared to the other previously shortened versions in the literature, with comparable demographic associations to the full Big Five Inventory. It exhibited strong (i.e. large effect size) associations with psychiatric conditions, and moderate (small-medium) associations with neurological conditions. Neuroticism (emotional instability) was substantially higher in all psychiatric conditions, whereas Conscientiousness, Openness and Extraversion showed differential associations across conditions.
The newly validated 18-item version of the Big Five provides a convenient means of measuring personality traits that is suitable for deployment in a range of studies. It retains psychometric structure, retest reliability and clinical-group sensitivity, as compared to the full original scale.
人格的五因素模型，如使用大五人格量表等工具进行量化，包括外向性、宜人性、尽责性、神经质（情绪不稳定）和开放性等广泛的人格领域。这些工具通常包括>40 个项目。然而，项目较多的工具可能难以操作，并且在需要按顺序使用多个量表的临床和队列研究中会导致测量误差。相反，经过验证的五因素和十因素大五人格量表版本的可靠性较差。在这里，我们开发并验证了一种简洁的 18 项大五人格量表，它在效率、可靠性和敏感性之间取得了平衡。
我们分析了来自参与在线大不列颠智力测试（GBIT）研究的个体的三个数据集（N=59797、N=21177 和 N=87983），这是一个与 BBC2 地平线合作的公民科学项目。我们应用因素分析（FA）、预测规范建模和单样本 t 检验来验证大五人格的 18 项版本，并研究其与精神和神经疾病的关联。
与文献中其他先前缩短的版本相比，大五人格量表的 18 项版本具有更高的有效性和重测可靠性，与完整的大五人格量表具有相似的人口统计学关联。它与精神疾病有很强的（即大效应量）关联，与神经疾病有中度（小-中等）关联。神经质（情绪不稳定）在所有精神疾病中都显著升高，而尽责性、开放性和外向性在不同的疾病中表现出不同的关联。
新验证的 18 项大五人格版本提供了一种方便的测量人格特质的方法，适用于一系列研究。与完整的原始量表相比，它保留了心理计量结构、重测可靠性和临床组敏感性。
