Skomina Zala, Kuhar Milan, Verdenik Miha, Ihan Hren Nataša
Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Ljubljana, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Gerodontology. 2025 Mar;42(1):100-109. doi: 10.1111/ger.12774. Epub 2024 Jul 10.
To evaluate the facial characteristics of edentulous older adults who underwent rehabilitation using complete dentures, and to compare them with dentate individuals.
Edentulism rehabilitation with complete dentures aims to restore occlusion and facial aesthetics.
The study included 102 edentulous participants needing prosthodontic rehabilitation with complete dentures and 30 with a natural dentition (aged >65). The 3D facial scans were performed using an Artec optical scanner. Superficial facial landmarks were identified, and 16 parameters were calculated. Regional analysis with the superimposition of two scans was used to calculate the average distances and percentage of non-matching surfaces in the 11 regions. Paired and independent t-tests (α = .05) were used to test for group differences, as appropriate.
After rehabilitation with complete dentures, facial changes were most noticeable in the perioral region: wider rima oris, longer upper lip, wider upper vermilion, and more protruded profile. The comparison of facial regions without and with dentures showed fuller and curvier cheeks, with no direct influence of dentures. The edentulous faces with dentures appeared shorter and more retruded than those of dentate individuals. A narrower lower vermilion, retruded upper lip, and more flattened facial profile were observed in females with dentures than in their dentate peers.
Besides the expected positive influence of rehabilitation with complete dentures on facial appearance in the perioral region, there are some unexpected changes, such as fuller cheeks, but there is still deficiency in vertical facial dimensions and a more flattened facial profile.
评估使用全口义齿进行修复的无牙颌老年人的面部特征，并将其与有牙列个体进行比较。
全口义齿修复无牙颌旨在恢复咬合和面部美观。
该研究纳入了102名需要用全口义齿进行口腔修复的无牙颌参与者和30名有天然牙列者（年龄>65岁）。使用Artec光学扫描仪进行三维面部扫描。识别面部表面标志点，并计算16项参数。通过两次扫描叠加进行区域分析，以计算11个区域的平均距离和不匹配表面的百分比。酌情使用配对t检验和独立t检验（α = 0.05）来检验组间差异。
使用全口义齿修复后，面部变化在口周区域最为明显：口角更宽、上唇更长、上唇红更宽、侧面轮廓更突出。比较无牙颌和有牙颌的面部区域，发现脸颊更丰满、更圆润，义齿对此没有直接影响。佩戴义齿的无牙颌面部比有牙列个体的面部显得更短、更后缩。与有牙列的同龄人相比，佩戴义齿的女性下唇红更窄、上唇后缩、面部轮廓更扁平。
除了全口义齿修复对口周区域面部外观的预期积极影响外，还存在一些意外变化，如脸颊更丰满，但面部垂直维度仍有不足，面部轮廓更扁平。
