BACKGROUND

Tumor cell inhibition is a pivotal focus in anti-cancer research, and extensive investigations have been conducted regarding the role of . Numerous studies have highlighted its close association with reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the precise impact of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) in this context remains inadequately elucidated. Here, we will elucidate the anti-cancer mechanisms mediated by p53 following treatment with GSH.

METHODS

In this study, we employed a gene knockout approach in SW480 colorectal cells and conducted comprehensive analyses of 20 amino acids and proteomics using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

RESULTS

These analyses unveiled profound alterations in amino acids and proteins triggered by GSH treatment, shedding light on novel phenomena and delineating the intricate interplay between GSH and cellular proteins. The deletion of the gene exerts a profound influence on tumor cell proliferation. Moreover, tumor cell proliferation is significantly affected by elevated GSH levels. Importantly, in the absence of the gene, cells exhibit heightened sensitivity to GSH, leading to inhibited cell growth. The combined therapeutic approach involving GSH and gene deletion expedites the demise of tumor cells. It is noteworthy that this treatment leads to a marked decline in amino acid metabolism, particularly affecting the down-regulation of methionine (Met) and phenylalanine (Phe) amino acids. Among the 41 proteins displaying significant changes, 8 exhibit consistent alterations, with 5 experiencing decreased levels and 3 demonstrating increased quantities. These proteins primarily participate in crucial cellular metabolic processes and immune functions.

CONCLUSIONS

In conclusion, the concurrent administration of GSH treatment and gene deletion triggers substantial modifications in the amino acid and protein metabolism of tumor cells, primarily characterized by down-regulation. This, in turn, compromises cell metabolic activity and immune function, ultimately culminating in the demise of tumor cells. These newfound insights hold promising implications and could pave the way for the development of straightforward and efficacious anti-cancer treatments.