Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States.
School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2024 Sep 1;137(3):569-580. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00292.2024. Epub 2024 Jul 11.
Electronic nicotine delivery systems, often referred to as e-cigarettes, are popular tobacco products frequently advertised as safer alternatives to traditional cigarettes despite preliminary data suggesting a potential negative cardiovascular impact. Cardiorespiratory fitness is a critical cardiovascular health marker that is diminished in individuals who consume traditional tobacco products. Whether the use of e-cigarettes impacts cardiorespiratory fitness is currently unknown. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of regular e-cigarette use on cardiorespiratory fitness in young healthy adults. Twenty-six users of e-cigarettes (ECU, 13 males, and 13 females; age: 24 ± 3 yr; e-cigarette usage 4 ± 2 yr) and 16 demographically matched nonusers (NU, 6 males, and 10 females; age: 23 ± 3 yr) participated in this study. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by peak oxygen consumption (V̇o) during a cardiopulmonary exercise test. Measurements of chronotropic response, hemodynamic, oxygen extraction, and utilization were also evaluated. Our results suggest that regular users of e-cigarettes exhibited significantly lower peak oxygen consumption when compared with nonusers, even when controlled by fat-free mass and lean body mass. Hemodynamic changes were not different between both groups during exercise, whereas lower chronotropic responses and skeletal muscle oxygen utilization were observed in users of e-cigarettes. Results from the present study demonstrate that young, apparently healthy, regular users of e-cigarettes exhibit significantly reduced cardiorespiratory fitness, lower chronotropic response, and impaired skeletal muscle oxygen utilization during exercise. Overall, our findings contribute to the growing body of evidence that supports adverse effects of regular e-cigarette use on cardiovascular health. E-cigarettes are tobacco products frequently used by youth and young adults. Little is known about the long-term health effects of their prolonged use. Results from the present study demonstrate that young, apparently healthy, regular users of e-cigarettes exhibit significantly reduced cardiorespiratory fitness, a marker of cardiovascular health and a predictor of all-cause mortality. We also identified that the young users of e-cigarettes present with lower chronotropic response and impaired skeletal muscle oxygen utilization during exercise.
电子尼古丁输送系统，通常被称为电子烟，是一种流行的烟草产品，尽管初步数据表明其可能对心血管系统产生负面影响，但它们经常被宣传为传统香烟的更安全替代品。心肺适能是心血管健康的一个关键指标，而那些消费传统烟草产品的人，其心肺适能会下降。电子烟的使用是否会影响心肺适能目前尚不清楚。因此，本研究的目的是调查电子烟的常规使用对年轻健康成年人心肺适能的影响。26 名电子烟使用者（ECU，13 名男性和 13 名女性；年龄：24±3 岁；电子烟使用时间：4±2 年）和 16 名年龄匹配的非使用者（NU，6 名男性和 10 名女性；年龄：23±3 岁）参与了这项研究。心肺适能通过心肺运动测试中的峰值耗氧量（V̇o）来测量。还评估了变时反应、血液动力学、氧提取和利用的测量值。我们的结果表明，与非使用者相比，电子烟的常规使用者的峰值耗氧量明显较低，即使通过去脂体重和瘦体重进行控制也是如此。在运动过程中，两组之间的血液动力学变化没有差异，而电子烟使用者的变时反应和骨骼肌氧利用率较低。本研究的结果表明，年轻、健康的电子烟常规使用者在运动时心肺适能明显降低，变时反应较低，骨骼肌氧利用率受损。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，电子烟的常规使用对心血管健康有不利影响。电子烟是青少年和年轻人经常使用的烟草产品。关于其长期健康影响知之甚少。本研究的结果表明，年轻、健康的电子烟常规使用者心肺适能明显降低，而心肺适能是心血管健康的一个指标，也是全因死亡率的预测指标。我们还发现，年轻的电子烟使用者在运动时变时反应较低，骨骼肌氧利用率受损。
