Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States of America; Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States of America.
Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States of America.
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2023 Sep 1;474:116631. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116631. Epub 2023 Jul 17.
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) are customizable tobacco products that allow users to select e-liquid composition, flavors, and (in some devices) adjust wattage or heat used to generate e-cig aerosol. This study compared vascular outcomes in a conducting vessel (thoracic aorta) and a resistance artery (middle cerebral artery, MCA) in C57Bl/6 mice exposed to e-cig aerosol generated from either pure vegetable glycerin (VG) or pure propylene glycol (PG) over 60-min (Study 1), and separately the effect of using 5- vs. 30-watt settings with an exposure of 100-min (Study 2). In Study 1, aortic endothelial-dependent-dilation (EDD) was only impaired with PG- exposure (p < 0.05) compared with air. In the MCA, EDD response was impaired by ∼50% in both VG and PG groups compared with air (p < 0.05). In Study 2, the aortic EDD responses were not different for either 5- or 30-watt exposed groups compared with air controls; however, in the MCA, both 5- and 30-watt groups were impaired by 32% and 55%, respectively, compared with air controls (p < 0.05). These pre-clinical data provide evidence that chronic exposure to aerosol produced by either VG or PG, and regardless of the wattage used, leads to vascular dysfunction at multiple levels within the arterial system. For all exposures, we observed greater impairment of arterial reactivity in a resistance artery (i.e. MCA) compared with the aorta. These data could suggest the smaller arteries may be more sensitive or first to be affected, or that different mechanism(s) for impairment may be involved depending on arterial hierarchy.
电子烟（e-cigs）是一种可定制的烟草产品，允许用户选择电子烟液成分、口味，并（在某些设备中）调整产生电子烟气溶胶的功率或加热。本研究比较了 C57Bl/6 小鼠在暴露于纯蔬菜甘油（VG）或纯丙二醇（PG）产生的电子烟气溶胶 60 分钟（研究 1）和分别使用 5 瓦和 30 瓦设置暴露 100 分钟（研究 2）过程中在传导血管（胸主动脉）和阻力血管（大脑中动脉，MCA）中的血管结果。在研究 1 中，与空气相比，只有 PG 暴露会损害主动脉内皮依赖性扩张（EDD）（p < 0.05）。在 MCA 中，VG 和 PG 组的 EDD 反应均比空气组降低约 50%（p < 0.05）。在研究 2 中，与空气对照组相比，5 瓦或 30 瓦暴露组的主动脉 EDD 反应没有差异；然而，在 MCA 中，5 瓦和 30 瓦组分别降低了 32%和 55%，与空气对照组相比（p < 0.05）。这些临床前数据提供了证据，表明慢性暴露于 VG 或 PG 产生的气溶胶，以及无论使用的功率如何，都会导致动脉系统多个水平的血管功能障碍。对于所有暴露，我们观察到阻力血管（即 MCA）的动脉反应性比主动脉更严重受损。这些数据可能表明较小的动脉可能更敏感或首先受到影响，或者根据动脉层次结构，可能涉及不同的损伤机制。
