Laboratory of Plant Gene Expression, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Japan.
Laboratory of Plant Gene Expression, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Japan.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2024 Oct;81:102601. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102601. Epub 2024 Jul 11.
Prenylated phenolics occur in over 4000 species in the plant kingdom, most of which are known as specialized metabolites with high chemical diversity. Many of them have been identified as pharmacologically active compounds from various medicinal plants, in which prenyl residues play a key role in these activities. Prenyltransferases (PTs) responsible for their biosynthesis have been intensively studied in the last two decades. These enzymes are membrane-bound proteins belonging to the UbiA superfamily that occurs from bacteria to humans, and in particular those involved in plant specialized metabolism show strict specificities for both substrates and products. This article reviews the enzymatic features of plant UbiA PTs, including C- and O-prenylation, molecular evolution, and application of UbiA PTs in synthetic biology.
类异戊烯基酚广泛存在于植物界的 4000 多种物种中，其中大多数被认为是具有高度化学多样性的特殊代谢物。它们中的许多已被鉴定为来自各种药用植物的具有药理活性的化合物，其中异戊烯基残基在这些活性中起着关键作用。负责其生物合成的类异戊烯基转移酶（PTs）在过去二十年中得到了深入研究。这些酶是膜结合蛋白，属于 UbiA 超家族，从细菌到人类都有存在，特别是那些参与植物特殊代谢的酶对底物和产物都表现出严格的特异性。本文综述了植物 UbiA PTs 的酶学特性，包括 C-和 O-类异戊烯基化、分子进化以及 UbiA PTs 在合成生物学中的应用。
