Chemistry and Biotechnology Science and Engineering Programs, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, 301 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, United States.
ACS Infect Dis. 2024 Aug 9;10(8):2507-2524. doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00254. Epub 2024 Jul 11.
The Alphavirus genus includes viruses that cause encephalitis due to neuroinvasion and viruses that cause arthritis due to acute and chronic inflammation. There is no approved therapeutic for alphavirus infections, but significant efforts are ongoing, more so in recent years, to develop vaccines and therapeutics for alphavirus infections. This review article highlights some of the major advances made so far to identify small molecules that can selectively target the structural and the nonstructural proteins in alphaviruses with the expectation that persistent investigation of an increasingly expanding chemical space through a variety of structure-based design and high-throughput screening strategies will yield candidate drugs for clinical studies. While most of the works discussed are still in the early discovery to lead optimization stages, promising avenues remain for drug development against this family of viruses.
甲病毒属包括因神经入侵而导致脑炎的病毒，以及因急性和慢性炎症而导致关节炎的病毒。目前尚无针对甲病毒感染的批准疗法，但近年来，人们正在做出重大努力来开发针对甲病毒感染的疫苗和疗法。本文综述了迄今为止在鉴定小分子方面取得的一些主要进展，这些小分子可以选择性地针对甲病毒的结构蛋白和非结构蛋白，期望通过各种基于结构的设计和高通量筛选策略，对不断扩大的化学空间进行持续研究，将为临床研究提供候选药物。虽然讨论的大部分工作仍处于早期发现到先导优化阶段，但针对这组病毒的药物开发仍有希望。
