School of Public Health, Maseno University, Kisumu, Kenya.
Trop Med Int Health. 2024 Sep;29(9):813-819. doi: 10.1111/tmi.14035. Epub 2024 Jul 12.
This study aimed to identify and characterise the determinants influencing the occurrence of diarrheal diseases in children aged 6-24 months undergoing complementary feeding within a low-income urban community in Kenya.
This study followed a cross-sectional design and recruited caregivers of children aged 6-24 months from 302 households. The dependent variable was the 2-week diarrhoea prevalence among children, with independent variables including sociodemographic characteristics, child immunisation and feeding status, and water and sanitation facilities. Data analysis was performed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were used to assess associations between independent variables and the occurrence of diarrheal diseases.
The majority of caregivers were female (n = 282, 93.4%), aged 25-34 years (n = 156, 51.7%), had attained secondary school education (n = 154, 51%), were unemployed (n = 162, 53.6%), and earned Ksh 10,000 (USD 100) or less. 296 (98%) indexed children were fully vaccinated against rotavirus. Most households used improved drinking water sources (n = 272, 90.1%). Most caregivers did not regularly wash their hands with soap and water (n = 225, 74.5%). The 2-week diarrhoea prevalence among children was 34.1% (103/302), with 69.9% (72/103) of these cases seeking care at a healthcare facility. Logistic regression analysis revealed that children of caregivers earning Ksh 20,000 and below (aOR = 2.9[1.3-6.5], p = 0.01), and those from households using unimproved sanitation facilities (aOR = 1.9 [CI 1-3.4], p = 0.042), had significantly higher odds of having diarrhoea.
The study found a high prevalence of diarrhoea in Kenyan children aged 6-24 months, with caregiver income and household sanitation facilities significantly impacting the occurrence of the disease. The study suggests integrated approaches, including education, income generation, hygiene, and improved nutrition, to address the burden of diarrheal disease.
本研究旨在确定并描述影响肯尼亚低收入城市社区 6-24 月龄接受补充喂养的儿童发生腹泻病的决定因素。
本研究采用横断面设计，从 302 户家庭中招募了 6-24 月龄儿童的照顾者。因变量为儿童两周腹泻患病率，自变量包括社会人口学特征、儿童免疫接种和喂养状况以及水和环境卫生设施。使用 SPSS 进行数据分析。采用描述性统计和逻辑回归分析评估自变量与腹泻病发生之间的关联。
大多数照顾者为女性（n=282，93.4%），年龄在 25-34 岁（n=156，51.7%），接受过中学教育（n=154，51%），无业（n=162，53.6%），收入为 10,000 先令（100 美元）或以下。296（98%）名索引儿童已完全接种轮状病毒疫苗。大多数家庭使用改良饮用水源（n=272，90.1%）。大多数照顾者没有经常用肥皂和水洗手（n=225，74.5%）。儿童两周腹泻患病率为 34.1%（103/302），其中 69.9%（72/103）的病例在医疗机构就诊。逻辑回归分析显示，照顾者收入在 20,000 先令及以下（aOR=2.9[1.3-6.5]，p=0.01）以及家庭使用未改良卫生设施（aOR=1.9 [CI 1-3.4]，p=0.042）的儿童腹泻的可能性显著更高。
本研究发现肯尼亚 6-24 月龄儿童腹泻病患病率较高，照顾者收入和家庭卫生设施对疾病发生有显著影响。研究建议采取综合方法，包括教育、增收、卫生和改善营养，以减轻腹泻病负担。
