对低收入和中等收入国家儿童发育迟缓与认知缺陷的现状认识及发病机制
Current Understanding of and Pathogenesis of Stunting and Cognitive Deficits in Children from Low- and Middle-Income Countries.
作者信息
Gutiérrez Lester, Bartelt Luther
机构信息
Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET), Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.
Departments of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
出版信息
Curr Trop Med Rep. 2024 Mar;11(1):28-39. doi: 10.1007/s40475-024-00314-2. Epub 2024 Jan 23.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
is a common intestinal parasite worldwide, mainly in children from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Also, it has been associated with increased intestinal permeability, stunting, and cognitive impairment. Nonetheless, the pathogenesis of long-term consequences is difficult to elucidate.
RECENT FINDINGS
Recent studies try to understand the long-term consequences of infections. First, well-characterized studies associate with intestinal damage and child growth. Second, infections appear not to be associated with inflammation, but "lack of inflammation" may not, however, entirely exclude a pro-inflammatory pathway. Finally, some important amino acids are lower and could contribute to prolongate stunting and cognitive deficit.
SUMMARY
infections in LMIC used to be associated with child growth shortfalls, gut permeability, and cognitive deficits. Multifactorial effects could be associated with , including nutritional, altered microbiota, and generation of potentially toxic microbial metabolic byproducts, all together increasing risk of long-term outcomes.
综述目的
是一种在全球常见的肠道寄生虫，主要见于低收入和中等收入国家（LMIC）的儿童。此外，它还与肠道通透性增加、发育迟缓及认知障碍有关。然而，长期后果的发病机制难以阐明。
最新发现
近期研究试图了解感染的长期后果。首先，有充分特征描述的研究将与肠道损伤及儿童生长联系起来。其次，感染似乎与炎症无关，但“缺乏炎症”可能并不能完全排除促炎途径。最后，一些重要氨基酸水平较低，可能导致发育迟缓和认知缺陷持续存在。
总结
LMIC中的感染过去常与儿童生长发育不良、肠道通透性及认知缺陷有关。多因素效应可能与有关，包括营养、微生物群改变以及潜在有毒微生物代谢副产物的产生，所有这些共同增加了长期后果的风险。
Zotero 插件