中国非精神科护士对精神障碍的态度。
The attitudes of nonpsychiatric nurses towards mental disorders in China.
作者信息
Wang Qi-Kai, Wang Xu, Qiu Ya-Jing, Bao Wen-Xin, Chen Xia-Can, Xu Jia-Jun
机构信息
Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
出版信息
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Jun 27;15:1420632. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1420632. eCollection 2024.
BACKGROUND
Few studies have explored the associated factors of attitudes of nonpsychiatric nurses towards mental disorders. Therefore, this study is aimed to evaluate the attitudes of nonpsychiatric nurses towards mental disorders and especially explore the association between psychiatric clinical practice and these attitudes.
METHODS
A total of 1324 nonpsychiatric nurses and students majoring in nursing were recruited through an online questionnaire from December 2021 to March 2022 in Sichuan Province, China. Demographic information, personal care experience, psychiatric nursing education and the Community Attitudes towards the Mentally Ill (CAMI) were collected. A higher score indicates a stigmatizing attitude in the authoritarianism and social restrictiveness (SR) subscales and a positive attitude in the benevolence and community mental health ideology (CMHI) subscales. Multivariate linear regression was employed to analyze associated factors of attitudes towards mental disorders, and hierarchical linear regression was used to analyze the association between psychiatric clinical practice and the attitudes towards mental disorders.
RESULTS
Under the control of confounders, high education level, long residence in urban and personal care experience were positively correlated with score of authoritarianism and SR ( < 0.05), and negatively correlated with score of benevolence ( < 0.05). Long residence in urban and personal care experience were negatively correlated with score of CMHI ( < 0.05). Hierarchical linear regression analysis showed that after adjusting for demographic information, psychiatric clinical practice was associated with lower score of benevolence (B = -0.09, 95%CI = -0.17 ~ -0.003, = 0.043) and CMHI (B = -0.09, 95%CI = -0.17 ~ -0.01, = 0.027), but the initial associations between psychiatric clinical practice and authoritarianism, SR disappeared.
CONCLUSIONS
High education level, long residence in urban, personal care experience and the psychiatric clinical practice were associated with the discrimination of nonpsychiatric nurses towards mental disorders. Further exploring practical strategies to optimize the psychiatric clinical practice experience of nonpsychiatric nurses could help improve their attitudes towards mental disorders.
背景
很少有研究探讨非精神科护士对精神障碍态度的相关因素。因此，本研究旨在评估非精神科护士对精神障碍的态度，特别是探讨精神科临床实践与这些态度之间的关联。
方法
2021年12月至2022年3月，通过在线问卷在中国四川省招募了1324名非精神科护士及护理专业学生。收集了人口统计学信息、个人护理经历、精神科护理教育以及社区对精神疾病患者的态度（CAMI）。在权威主义和社会限制（SR）子量表中，得分越高表明存在污名化态度；在仁爱和社区心理健康观念（CMHI）子量表中，得分越高表明态度积极。采用多元线性回归分析精神障碍态度的相关因素，采用分层线性回归分析精神科临床实践与精神障碍态度之间的关联。
结果
在混杂因素的控制下，高学历、长期居住在城市和个人护理经历与权威主义和SR得分呈正相关（<0.05），与仁爱得分呈负相关（<0.05）。长期居住在城市和个人护理经历与CMHI得分呈负相关（<0.05）。分层线性回归分析表明，在调整人口统计学信息后，精神科临床实践与较低的仁爱得分（B=-0.09，95%CI=-0.17-0.003，P=0.043）和CMHI得分（B=-0.09，95%CI=-0.17-0.01，P=0.027）相关，但精神科临床实践与权威主义、SR之间的初始关联消失。
结论
高学历、长期居住在城市、个人护理经历和精神科临床实践与非精神科护士对精神障碍的歧视有关。进一步探索优化非精神科护士精神科临床实践体验的实用策略，有助于改善他们对精神障碍的态度。
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