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养老机构护理员优质老年护理行为的形成机制与关键要素识别：扎根理论研究

Identification of formation mechanism and key elements of quality geriatric care behavior of nursing assistants in nursing homes: a grounded theory study.

机构信息

Department of Nursing, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.

School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.

出版信息

Front Public Health. 2024 Jun 27;12:1425883. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1425883. eCollection 2024.

DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1425883
PMID:38993701
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11238187/
Abstract

OBJECTIVES

This study aimed to identify the key elements and develop a formation mechanism model of quality geriatric care behavior for nursing assistants.

METHODS

This qualitative research employed the strategy of grounded theory proposed by Strauss and Corbin. Furthermore, the data was collected by participatory observation and semi-structured interviews. A total of 12 nursing managers, 63 nursing assistants, and 36 older people from 9 nursing homes in 6 cities were interviewed, whereas for the observatory survey, participants were recruited from 2 nursing homes.

RESULTS

The comparative and analysis process revealed 5 key elements of quality geriatric care behavior, including holistic care, personalized care, respect, positive interaction, and empowerment. Based on the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behavior (COM-B) model, key elements and the 3 stages of quality geriatric care behavior (negative behavior cognition stage, practice exchange run-in stage, and positive behavior reinforcement stage), the theoretical framework of the formation mechanism was established.

CONCLUSION

The results indicated that nursing assistants' capabilities, motivation, and organizational and environmental support are vital for quality care behaviors. The theoretical framework established in this study provides theoretical support and practical reference to policymakers, institutional administrators, and healthcare professionals for improving nursing assistant's care behaviors.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在确定护理助理提供优质老年护理行为的关键要素，并构建其形成机制模型。

方法

本研究采用了 Strauss 和 Corbin 提出的扎根理论策略。通过参与式观察和半结构化访谈收集数据，共访谈了来自 6 个城市 9 家养老院的 12 名护理经理、63 名护理助理和 36 名老年人，同时还对 2 家养老院进行了观察调查。

结果

通过对比分析，揭示了优质老年护理行为的 5 个关键要素，包括整体护理、个性化护理、尊重、积极互动和赋权。基于能力-机会-动机-行为（COM-B）模型，构建了关键要素和优质老年护理行为的 3 个阶段（消极行为认知阶段、实践交流磨合阶段和积极行为强化阶段）的理论框架。

结论

研究结果表明，护理助理的能力、动机以及组织和环境支持对于提供优质护理行为至关重要。本研究构建的理论框架为政策制定者、机构管理者和医疗保健专业人员提供了理论支持和实践参考，有助于改善护理助理的护理行为。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7307/11238187/0bcfc6e60191/fpubh-12-1425883-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7307/11238187/7a8c94e51f2d/fpubh-12-1425883-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7307/11238187/dd32db82897f/fpubh-12-1425883-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7307/11238187/46e5ad1d461f/fpubh-12-1425883-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7307/11238187/0bcfc6e60191/fpubh-12-1425883-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7307/11238187/7a8c94e51f2d/fpubh-12-1425883-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7307/11238187/dd32db82897f/fpubh-12-1425883-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7307/11238187/46e5ad1d461f/fpubh-12-1425883-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7307/11238187/0bcfc6e60191/fpubh-12-1425883-g004.jpg

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