School of Public Administration, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
Xi'an Institute of Space Radio Technology, Xi'an 710100, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 2;19(7):4256. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19074256.
Population aging has become more and more severe in many countries. As a result, the demand for basic elderly care services has risen. The establishment of an evaluation index system for basic elderly care services can provide guidelines for governments to improve the quality of such services. Based on the "5A" theoretical analysis framework of Penchansky and Thomas, this paper introduces the concept of "accessibility" into evaluation. The "accessibility" model of services, through a literature review, field research, and three rounds of expert correspondence, consists of three first-level indicators, including the accessibility of home-based community elderly care services, the accessibility of institutional elderly care services, and the accessibility of administrative services. The evaluation index system of 15 s-level indicators and 70 third-level indicators, using AHP to determine the weight value of each indicator, provides a quantitative basis for the quality evaluation and improvement of basic elderly care services. Based on our quantitative results, policy recommendations are put forward: strengthen the support for the human and financial resources of community home-based elderly care services; improve the affordability of basic elderly care services; increase the types and numbers of institutional elderly care service projects; improve the availability and adaptability of institutional elderly care services; improve the accessibility of administrative services so that elderly care service institutions and elderly care administrative agencies can establish an effective communication and feedback mechanism.
人口老龄化在许多国家变得越来越严重。因此，基本的老年护理服务需求也在上升。建立基本老年护理服务评估指标体系可以为政府提供改善服务质量的指导方针。本文基于彭坎斯基和托马斯的“5A”理论分析框架，将“可及性”概念引入评估中。服务的“可及性”模型通过文献回顾、实地研究和三轮专家函询，包括三个一级指标，即居家社区老年护理服务的可及性、机构养老服务的可及性和行政服务的可及性。评估指标体系包括 15 个二级指标和 70 个三级指标，采用层次分析法确定各指标的权重值，为基本老年护理服务的质量评价和改进提供了定量依据。基于我们的定量结果，提出了以下政策建议：加强对社区居家老年护理服务人力和财力的支持；提高基本老年护理服务的可负担性；增加机构养老服务项目的种类和数量；提高机构养老服务的可及性和适应性；提高行政服务的可及性，使养老服务机构和养老行政部门能够建立有效的沟通和反馈机制。
