Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2024 Sep 12;37(3):e0013323. doi: 10.1128/cmr.00133-23. Epub 2024 Jul 12.
SUMMARYThe human intestinal tract harbors a profound variety of microorganisms that live in symbiosis with the host and each other. It is a complex and highly dynamic environment whose homeostasis directly relates to human health. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and polymicrobial biofilms have been associated with gastrointestinal diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel diseases, and colorectal cancers. This review covers the molecular composition and organization of intestinal biofilms, mechanistic aspects of biofilm signaling networks for bacterial communication and behavior, and synergistic effects in polymicrobial biofilms. It further describes the clinical relevance and diseases associated with gut biofilms, the role of biofilms in antimicrobial resistance, and the intestinal host defense system and therapeutic strategies counteracting biofilms. Taken together, this review summarizes the latest knowledge and research on intestinal biofilms and their role in gut disorders and provides directions toward the development of biofilm-specific treatments.
摘要人类肠道中栖息着种类繁多的微生物，它们与宿主和彼此之间存在共生关系。肠道是一个复杂而高度动态的环境，其体内平衡与人类健康直接相关。肠道微生物群落失调和多微生物生物膜与胃肠道疾病有关，包括肠易激综合征、炎症性肠病和结直肠癌。本综述涵盖了肠道生物膜的分子组成和组织、生物膜信号网络的机制方面，用于细菌间的交流和行为，以及多微生物生物膜中的协同作用。它进一步描述了与肠道生物膜相关的临床意义和疾病、生物膜在抗生素耐药性中的作用，以及肠道宿主防御系统和对抗生物膜的治疗策略。总的来说，本综述总结了肠道生物膜及其在肠道紊乱中的作用的最新知识和研究，并为开发针对生物膜的特定治疗方法提供了方向。
