Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Biomed Mater Eng. 2024;35(5):451-463. doi: 10.3233/BME-240034.
The emergence of the global problem of multi-drug resistant bacteria (MDR) is closely related to the improper use of antibiotics, which gives birth to an urgent need for antimicrobial innovation in the medical and health field. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) show significant antibacterial potential because of their unique physical and chemical properties. By accurately regulating the morphology, size and surface properties of AgNPs, the antibacterial properties of AgNPs can be effectively enhanced and become a next generation antibacterial material with great development potential.
The detection of the inhibitory effect of AgNPs on MDR provides more possibilities for the research and development of new antimicrobial agents.
Promote the formation of AgNPs by redox reaction; determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of AgNPs to bacteria by broth microdilution method; evaluate the killing efficacy of AgNPs against multi-drug-resistant bacteria by plate counting; evaluate the inhibitory effect of AgNPs on biofilm construction by crystal violet staining; study the drug resistance of bacteria by gradually increasing the concentration of AgNPs; and detect the toxicity of AgNPs to cells by CCK-8 method.
AgNPs has a significant bactericidal effect on a variety of drug-resistant bacteria. After exposure to AgNPs solution for 12 hours, the number of E. coli decreased sharply, and S. aureus was basically eliminated after 16 hours. In particular, AgNPs showed stronger inhibition against Gram-negative bacteria. In addition, AgNPs can effectively hinder the formation of bacterial biofilm, and its inhibitory effect increases with the increase of AgNPs solution concentration. When AgNPs is used for a long time, the development of bacterial resistance to it is slow. From the point of view of safety, AgNPs has no harmful effects on organisms and has biosafety.
AgNPs can inhibit MDR, and the bacteriostatic ability of Gram-negative bacteria is higher than that of Gram-positive bacteria. It can also inhibit the formation of bacterial biofilm, avoid drug resistance and reduce cytotoxicity.
全球多重耐药菌（MDR）问题的出现与抗生素的不当使用密切相关，这就迫切需要在医疗保健领域进行抗菌创新。纳米银颗粒（AgNPs）因其独特的物理和化学性质显示出显著的抗菌潜力。通过精确调控 AgNPs 的形态、尺寸和表面性质，可以有效增强其抗菌性能，使其成为一种具有巨大发展潜力的下一代抗菌材料。
检测 AgNPs 对 MDR 的抑制作用，为新型抗菌剂的研发提供更多可能。
通过氧化还原反应促进 AgNPs 的形成；采用肉汤微量稀释法测定 AgNPs 对细菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）；通过平板计数评估 AgNPs 对多重耐药菌的杀菌效果；通过结晶紫染色评估 AgNPs 对生物膜形成的抑制作用；通过逐渐增加 AgNPs 浓度研究细菌的耐药性；通过 CCK-8 法检测 AgNPs 对细胞的毒性。
AgNPs 对多种耐药菌均具有显著的杀菌作用。暴露于 AgNPs 溶液 12 小时后，大肠杆菌数量急剧减少，金黄色葡萄球菌在 16 小时后基本被消除。特别是，AgNPs 对革兰氏阴性菌的抑制作用更强。此外，AgNPs 能有效阻止细菌生物膜的形成，其抑制作用随 AgNPs 溶液浓度的增加而增加。当 AgNPs 长期使用时，细菌对其产生耐药性的速度较慢。从安全性角度来看，AgNPs 对生物体没有有害影响，具有生物安全性。
AgNPs 可以抑制 MDR，对革兰氏阴性菌的抑菌能力高于革兰氏阳性菌。它还可以抑制细菌生物膜的形成，避免耐药性的产生并降低细胞毒性。
