Milenin Andrij, Niedźwiedzki Łukasz, Truchan Karolina, Guzik Grzegorz, Kąc Sławomir, Tylko Grzegorz, Osyczka Anna Maria
Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, Mickiewicza 30 Ave., 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
Department of Orthopedics and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Jul 8;17(13):3365. doi: 10.3390/ma17133365.
In this work, we show the anticancer potential of surgical wires, obtained from zinc (ZnMg0.004) or magnesium (MgCa0.7) alloys by spatial technology comprising casting, extrusion, and final drawing processes. We also present the selective anticancer effects of applied soluble multilayer nanocoatings of zinc and magnesium onto titanium surfaces using the pulse laser deposition method. In the latter, the titanium samples were produced via 3D printing using the selective laser melting method and coated with various combinations of zinc and magnesium layers. For cytotoxicity studies, human dental pulp-derived stem cells (hDPSCs) and human osteosarcoma SaOS-2 cell line were used as representatives of healthy and cancer cells. Cells were examined against the 0.3-3.0 cm/mL material extract ratios obtained from experimental and steel surgical wires, the latter being the current clinical industry standard. The MgCa0.7 alloy wires were approx. 1.5 times more toxic to cancer cells at all examined extract ratios vs. the extracts from steel surgical wires that exhibited comparable toxicity towards healthy and cancer cells. The ZnMg0.004 alloy wires displayed increased toxicity towards cancer cells with decreasing extract ratios. This was also reflected in the increased anticancer effectiveness, calculated based on the viability ratio of healthy cells to cancer cells, from 1.1 to 4.0 times. Healthy cell viability remained at 80-100%, whereas cancer cell survival fluctuated at 20-75%, depending on the extract ratio. Furthermore, the culture of normal or cancer cells on the surface of Zn/Mg-coated titanium allowed us to select combinations of specific coating layers that yielded a comparable anticancer effectiveness to that observed with the experimental wires that ranged between 2 and 3. Overall, this work not only demonstrates the substantial anticancer properties of the studied wires but also indicates that similar anticancer effects can be replicated with appropriate nanocoatings on titanium samples. We believe that this work lays the groundwork for the future potential development of the category of new implants endowed with anticancer properties.
在本研究中，我们展示了通过包括铸造、挤压和最终拉拔工艺的空间技术从锌（ZnMg0.004）或镁（MgCa0.7）合金中获得的手术线的抗癌潜力。我们还展示了使用脉冲激光沉积法在钛表面施加锌和镁的可溶性多层纳米涂层的选择性抗癌效果。在后者中，钛样品通过选择性激光熔化法进行3D打印制备，并涂覆有锌和镁层的各种组合。对于细胞毒性研究，使用人牙髓来源的干细胞（hDPSCs）和人骨肉瘤SaOS-2细胞系作为健康细胞和癌细胞的代表。针对从实验手术线和钢制手术线获得的0.3 - 3.0 cm/mL材料提取物比例对细胞进行检测，后者是当前临床行业标准。在所有检测的提取物比例下，MgCa0.7合金线对癌细胞的毒性比钢制手术线提取物大约高1.5倍，钢制手术线提取物对健康细胞和癌细胞表现出相当的毒性。ZnMg0.004合金线对癌细胞的毒性随着提取物比例的降低而增加。这也反映在基于健康细胞与癌细胞活力比计算的抗癌效果增加上，从1.1倍增加到4.0倍。健康细胞活力保持在80 - 100%，而癌细胞存活率根据提取物比例在20 - 75%之间波动。此外，在涂覆有锌/镁的钛表面培养正常或癌细胞使我们能够选择特定涂层组合，其产生的抗癌效果与实验手术线相当，范围在2到3之间。总体而言，这项工作不仅证明了所研究手术线具有显著的抗癌特性，还表明在钛样品上通过适当的纳米涂层可以复制类似的抗癌效果。我们相信这项工作为未来开发具有抗癌特性的新型植入物奠定了基础。
