Zhou Jie, Li Yanling, Lou Jiawen, Wang Yuekai, Kan Zhengrong, Neugschwandtner Reinhard W, Li Fengmin, Liu Jian, Dong Ke, Xue Yaguang, Yang Haishui, Shi Lingling
College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Longkang Farm, Anhui Agricultural Reclamation Group Co., Ltd., Huaiyuan 233426, China.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Jun 24;13(13):1738. doi: 10.3390/plants13131738.
Fungi as heterotrophs are key participants in the decomposition of organic materials and the transformation of nutrients in agroecosystems. Ditch-buried straw return as a novel conservation management strategy can improve soil fertility and alter hydrothermal processes. However, how ditch-buried straw return strategies affect the soil fungal community is still unclear. Herein, a 7-year field trial was conducted to test the influences of burial depth (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 cm) and the amount of ditch-buried straw (half, full, double) on the diversity, composition, and predicted functions of a soil fungal community, as well as the activities of carbon-degraded enzymes. Under the full amount of straw burial, the abundance of phylum was 7.5% higher as compared to other burial amount treatments. This further increased the activity of cellobiohydrolase by 32%, as revealed by the positive correlation between and cellobiohydrolase. With deeper straw burial, however, the abundance of and β-D-glucopyranoside activity decreased. Moreover, genus and increased while decreased with straw burial amount and depth. prediction showed that plant fungal pathogens were 1- to 2-fold higher, whilst arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were 64% lower under straw buried with double the amount and at a depth of 40 cm. Collectively, these findings suggest that ditch-buried straw return with a full amount and buried at a depth less than 30 cm could improve soil nutrient cycles and health and may be beneficial to subsequent crop production.
真菌作为异养生物，是农业生态系统中有机物质分解和养分转化的关键参与者。沟渠掩埋秸秆还田作为一种新型的保护性管理策略，可以提高土壤肥力并改变水热过程。然而，沟渠掩埋秸秆还田策略如何影响土壤真菌群落仍不清楚。在此，进行了一项为期7年的田间试验，以测试掩埋深度（0、10、20、30和40厘米）和沟渠掩埋秸秆量（一半、全部、两倍）对土壤真菌群落的多样性、组成和预测功能以及碳降解酶活性的影响。在秸秆全部掩埋的情况下，与其他掩埋量处理相比，某一门的丰度高7.5%。某一属与纤维二糖水解酶之间的正相关表明，这进一步使纤维二糖水解酶的活性提高了32%。然而，随着秸秆掩埋深度的增加，某一属的丰度和β-D-葡萄糖苷活性降低。此外，某一属和另一属随着秸秆掩埋量和深度的增加而增加，而另一属则减少。预测表明，在40厘米深度两倍量秸秆掩埋条件下，植物真菌病原体增加1至2倍，而丛枝菌根真菌减少64%。总体而言，这些发现表明，全部量且掩埋深度小于30厘米的沟渠掩埋秸秆还田可以改善土壤养分循环和健康状况，可能有利于后续作物生产。
