Velasco-García Mario Valerio, Hernández-Hernández Adán
National Center for Disciplinary Research in Conservation and Improvement of Forest Ecosystems (Cenid Comef), National Institute of Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock Research (INIFAP), Ciudad de México 04010, Mexico.
Experimental Field Valles Centrales de Oaxaca, National Institute of Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock Research (INIFAP), Villa de Etla 68200, Mexico.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Jun 25;13(13):1755. doi: 10.3390/plants13131755.
In Mexico, there is a deficit in the production of pine resin, because it relies on natural forests only. Therefore, it is necessary to select provenances and phenotypes of potential species such as . The objective was to determine the difference between provenances and the variation in resin components and quality, as well as the effect of geographic and climatic factors. Resin from five provenances was collected from southern Mexico. The percentage of rosin, turpentine and water was obtained, as well as the acidity and saponification index. resin had 80.94% rosin, 7.7% turpentine and 11.49% water. The saponification and acidity index was 125.47 and 117.49 mg KOH.g, respectively. All variables showed differences ( ≤ 0.0001) between provenances. The provenance contributed between 6.44 and 11.71% to the total variance, the error contributed between 88.29 and 93.56%. Geographic and climatic variables only had an effect on the percentage of turpentine; the correlation was negative with altitude and longitude, but positive with temperature and precipitation. The results allow defining seed collection sites for resin plantations and orienting the selection for a improvement program.
在墨西哥，松脂产量存在缺口，因为其仅依赖天然林。因此，有必要挑选潜在树种的种源和表型，比如……目标是确定种源之间的差异以及树脂成分和质量的变化，还有地理和气候因素的影响。从墨西哥南部采集了五个种源的树脂。测定了松香、松节油和水分的百分比，以及酸度和皂化指数。树脂含80.94%的松香、7.7%的松节油和11.49%的水分。皂化指数和酸度指数分别为125.47和117.49毫克氢氧化钾/克。所有变量在种源间均存在差异（≤0.0001）。种源对总变异的贡献率在6.44%至11.71%之间，误差贡献率在88.29%至93.56%之间。地理和气候变量仅对松节油百分比有影响；与海拔和经度呈负相关，但与温度和降水量呈正相关。这些结果有助于确定树脂种植园的采种地点，并为改良计划的选择提供指导。
