Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Genes Related to High Temperature in .

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones that play essential roles in plant development and in response to various environmental stresses. Understanding genes is of great importance since is severely affected by heat stress. In the present study, a total of 76 genes were identified in the genome, which were divided into five subfamilies based on molecular weight and domain composition. Analyses of the chromosome distribution, gene structure, and conserved motif of the family genes were conducted using bioinformatics analysis methods. Gene duplication analysis showed that 15 and 8 genes were obtained and retained from the WGD/segmental duplication and tandem duplication, respectively. -element analysis revealed the importance of genes in plant adaptations to the environment. Moreover, the expression patterns of family genes were investigated in treated with high temperature based on our RNA-seq data, which were further verified by qRT-PCR. Further analysis revealed that nine candidate genes, including six subfamily genes (, , , , , and ) and three subfamily genes (, , and ), might be involved in enhancing the heat stress tolerance. The subcellular localization of two candidate genes ( and ) showed that two candidate RdHSPs were expressed and function in the chloroplast and nucleus, respectively. These results provide a basis for the functional characterization of genes and investigations on the molecular mechanisms of heat stress response in .