Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Bionano Research Institute, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujung-gu, Seongnam-si 461-701, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jun 28;25(13):7104. doi: 10.3390/ijms25137104.
Neurodegeneration diseases (NDs) are a group of complex diseases primarily characterized by progressive loss of neurons affecting mental function and movement. Oxidative stress is one of the factors contributing to the pathogenesis of NDs, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). These reactive species disturb mitochondrial function and accelerate other undesirable conditions including tau phosphorylation, inflammation, and cell death. Therefore, preventing oxidative stress is one of the imperative methods in the treatment of NDs. To accomplish this, we prepared hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of (dill) and identified the major phyto-components (apiol, carvone, and dihydrocarvone) by GC-MS. The extracts and major bioactives were assessed for neuroprotective potential and mechanism in hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell model and other biochemical assays. The dill (extracts and bioactives) provided statistically significant neuroprotection from 0.1 to 30 µg/mL by mitigating ROS levels, restoring mitochondrial membrane potential, reducing lipid peroxidation, and reviving the glutathione ratio. They moderately inhibited acetylcholine esterase (IC dill extracts 400-500 µg/mL; carvone 275.7 µg/mL; apiole 388.3 µg/mL), displayed mild anti-Aβ fibrilization (DHC 26.6%) and good anti-oligomerization activity (>40% by dill-EA, carvone, and apiole). Such multifactorial neuroprotective displayed by dill and bioactives would help develop a safe, low-cost, and small-molecule drug for NDs.
神经退行性疾病（NDs）是一组复杂的疾病，主要特征是神经元进行性丧失，影响精神功能和运动。氧化应激是导致 NDs 发病机制的因素之一，包括阿尔茨海默病（AD）。这些活性物质会干扰线粒体功能，并加速其他不良情况，包括 tau 磷酸化、炎症和细胞死亡。因此，预防氧化应激是治疗 NDs 的重要方法之一。为了实现这一目标，我们制备了 （莳萝）的正己烷和乙酸乙酯提取物，并通过 GC-MS 鉴定了主要植物成分（丙烯醛、香芹酮和二氢香芹酮）。提取物和主要生物活性物质在过氧化氢诱导的 SH-SY5Y 神经母细胞瘤细胞模型和其他生化测定中评估了其神经保护潜力和机制。莳萝（提取物和生物活性物质）通过减轻 ROS 水平、恢复线粒体膜电位、减少脂质过氧化和恢复谷胱甘肽比，在 0.1 至 30 µg/mL 范围内提供了统计学上显著的神经保护作用。它们适度抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶（IC 莳萝提取物 400-500 µg/mL；香芹酮 275.7 µg/mL；丙烯醛 388.3 µg/mL），显示出轻度抗 Aβ 纤维化（DHC 26.6%）和良好的抗寡聚化活性（>40%由莳萝-EA、香芹酮和丙烯醛）。莳萝及其生物活性物质表现出的这种多因素神经保护作用，将有助于开发一种安全、低成本、小分子的 NDs 药物。
