Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No. 498 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha 410004, China.
Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, No. 3 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jun 30;25(13):7238. doi: 10.3390/ijms25137238.
Persimmon ( Thunb.) fruit size variation is abundant. Studying the size of the persimmon fruit is helpful in improving its economic value. At present, the regulatory mechanism of persimmon fruit size formation is still unclear. In this study, the mechanism of fruit size formation was investigated through morphological, cytological and transcriptomic analyses, as well as exogenous ethrel and aminoethoxyinylglycine (AVG: ethylene inhibitor) experiments using the large fruit and small fruit of 'Yaoxianwuhua'. The results showed that stages 3-4 (June 11-June 25) are the crucial morphological period for differentiation of large fruit and small fruit in persimmon. At this crucial morphological period, the cell number in large fruit was significantly more than that in small fruit, indicating that the difference in cell number is the main reason for the differentiation of persimmon fruit size. The difference in cell number was caused by cell division. , and , associated with cell division, may be involved in regulating persimmon fruit size. Exogenous ethrel resulted in a decrease in fruit weight, and AVG treatment had the opposite effect. In addition, and were upregulated after ethrel treatment. These results indicated that high ethylene levels can reduce persimmon fruit size, possibly by inhibiting cell division. This study provides valuable information for understanding the regulation mechanism of persimmon fruit size and lays a foundation for subsequent breeding and artificial regulation of fruit size.
柿果实大小变异丰富。研究柿果实大小有助于提高其经济价值。目前，柿果实大小形成的调控机制尚不清楚。本研究通过形态学、细胞学和转录组学分析以及外源乙烯利和氨基乙氧基乙烯基甘氨酸（AVG：乙烯抑制剂）对‘耀县无核’大果和小果的实验，研究了果实大小形成的机制。结果表明，第 3-4 期（6 月 11 日-6 月 25 日）是柿果实大、小果分化的关键形态期。在这个关键的形态期，大果的细胞数量明显多于小果，表明细胞数量的差异是柿果实大小分化的主要原因。细胞数量的差异是由细胞分裂引起的。与细胞分裂有关的 、 和 可能参与了柿果实大小的调节。外源乙烯利导致果实重量降低，而 AVG 处理则有相反的效果。此外，乙烯利处理后 和 上调。这些结果表明，高乙烯水平可以降低柿果实大小，可能是通过抑制细胞分裂。本研究为了解柿果实大小的调控机制提供了有价值的信息，为后续的果实大小选育和人工调控奠定了基础。
