Nicola Claudiu-Ionel, Nicola Marcel, Sacerdoțianu Dumitru, Pătru Ion
Research and Development Department, National Institute for Research, Development and Testing in Electrical Engineering-ICMET Craiova, 200746 Craiova, Romania.
Department of Automatic Control and Electronics, University of Craiova, 200585 Craiova, Romania.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Jul 1;24(13):4283. doi: 10.3390/s24134283.
Based on the need for real-time sag monitoring of Overhead Power Lines (OPL) for electricity transmission, this article presents the implementation of a hardware and software system for online monitoring of OPL cables. The mathematical model based on differential equations and the methods of algorithmic calculation of OPL cable sag are presented. Considering that, based on the mathematical model presented, the calculation of cable sag can be done in different ways depending on the sensors used, and the presented application uses a variety of sensors. Therefore, a direct calculation is made using one of the different methods. Subsequently, the verification relations are highlighted directly, and in return, the calculation by the alternative method, which uses another group of sensors, generates both a verification of the calculation and the functionality of the sensors, thus obtaining a defect observer of the sensors. The hardware architecture of the OPL cable online monitoring application is presented, together with the main characteristics of the sensors and communication equipment used. The configurations required to transmit data using the ModBUS and ZigBee protocols are also presented. The main software modules of the OPL cable condition monitoring application are described, which ensure the monitoring of the main parameters of the power line and the visualisation of the results both on the electricity provider's intranet using a web server and MySQL database, and on the Internet using an Internet of Things (IoT) server. This categorisation of the data visualisation mode is done in such a way as to ensure a high level of cyber security. Also, the global accuracy of the entire OPL cable sag calculus system is estimated at 0.1%. Starting from the mathematical model of the OPL cable sag calculation, it goes through the stages of creating such a monitoring system, from the numerical simulations carried out using Matlab to the real-time implementation of this monitoring application using Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench (LabVIEW).
基于输电架空电力线路（OPL）实时弧垂监测的需求，本文介绍了一种用于OPL电缆在线监测的硬件和软件系统的实现。提出了基于微分方程的数学模型以及OPL电缆弧垂的算法计算方法。考虑到基于所提出的数学模型，根据所使用的传感器不同，电缆弧垂的计算可以有不同方式，且所介绍的应用使用了多种传感器。因此，使用不同方法之一进行直接计算。随后，直接突出验证关系，反过来，使用另一组传感器的替代方法进行的计算既对计算结果进行了验证，也对传感器的功能进行了验证，从而获得了传感器的缺陷观测器。介绍了OPL电缆在线监测应用的硬件架构，以及所使用传感器和通信设备的主要特性。还介绍了使用ModBUS和ZigBee协议传输数据所需的配置。描述了OPL电缆状态监测应用的主要软件模块，这些模块确保对电力线的主要参数进行监测，并在电力供应商的内网上使用Web服务器和MySQL数据库对结果进行可视化显示，同时在互联网上使用物联网（IoT）服务器进行可视化显示。数据可视化模式的这种分类方式是为了确保高度的网络安全。此外，整个OPL电缆弧垂计算系统的全局精度估计为0.1%。从OPL电缆弧垂计算的数学模型出发，经历了创建这样一个监测系统的各个阶段，从使用Matlab进行数值模拟到使用实验室虚拟仪器工程工作台（LabVIEW）对该监测应用进行实时实现。
