SYSAAF-Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français, Centre INRAE Val de Loire, Nouzilly F-37380, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Université de Tours, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly F-37380, France.
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Université de Tours, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly F-37380, France.
Poult Sci. 2024 Sep;103(9):103997. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103997. Epub 2024 Jun 25.
Embryonic mortality is a significant problem in the commercial duck industry worldwide. Therefore, identification of new biomarkers for duck embryo development is necessary. In the chicken (order Galliformes), we previously showed that chemerin is a hormone locally produced by the reproductive tract in hens, particularly in the magnum area, leading to its accumulation in the egg white and within the embryo annexes during embryonic development. We therefore hypothesized that the chemerin concentration in egg white could be a biomarker of egg performance and reproductive parameters in Pekin ducks (order Anseriformes). Thus, we collected eggs from Pekin ducks over a 5-d period at three stages of the laying period (before the laying peak, after the laying peak, and at the end of the laying period) to measure the chemerin concentrations in egg white by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The chemerin concentration in egg white decreased during the laying period and was not associated with reproductive parameters. We found negative correlations between the chemerin level in egg white and the albumen weight. Reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that chemerin and its three receptors CMKLR1, GPR1, and CCRL2 were expressed in the reproductive tract and within allantoic and amniotic annexes during embryo development. Chemerin concentrations strongly increased in amniotic fluid on embryonic day 16 (ED16) when the egg white was transferred into the amniotic sac. Finally, chemerin inhibition in egg white by in ovo injections of anti-chemerin antibodies (0.01, 0.1, and 1 µg) increased the embryo mortality rate. These data demonstrate the important role of the chemerin system during egg formation and embryo development in Pekin ducks, suggesting their potential use as biomarkers for determining the quality of poultry eggs and embryo development.
胚胎死亡率是全球商业鸭产业面临的重大问题。因此，有必要寻找新的鸭胚胎发育生物标志物。在鸡（鸡形目）中，我们之前表明 chemerin 是一种由母鸡生殖道局部产生的激素，特别是在输卯管的壶腹部，导致其在胚胎发育过程中积累在蛋清和胚胎附属物中。因此，我们假设蛋清中的 chemerin 浓度可能是北京鸭（雁形目）产蛋性能和生殖参数的生物标志物。因此，我们在产蛋期的三个阶段（产蛋高峰前、产蛋高峰后和产蛋期末）收集了北京鸭的鸡蛋，共 5 天，通过酶联免疫吸附测定法测量蛋清中的 chemerin 浓度。在产蛋期间，蛋清中的 chemerin 浓度下降，与生殖参数无关。我们发现蛋清中 chemerin 水平与白蛋白重量呈负相关。逆转录定量聚合酶链反应显示，chemerin 及其三个受体 CMKLR1、GPR1 和 CCRL2 在生殖道以及所有卵和羊膜附属物中表达，在胚胎发育过程中。在胚胎发育第 16 天（ED16），蛋清转移到羊膜囊中时，羊水中的 chemerin 浓度强烈增加。最后，通过向蛋清中注射抗 chemerin 抗体（0.01、0.1 和 1μg）抑制蛋清中的 chemerin，增加了胚胎死亡率。这些数据表明 chemerin 系统在鸭蛋形成和胚胎发育过程中北京鸭中的重要作用，表明其可能作为确定家禽蛋和胚胎发育质量的生物标志物的潜在用途。
