Hu Yahong, Shi Wei, Meng Qinghong, Yuan Lin, Gao Wei, Wang Lei, Yao Kaihu
Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Laboratory of Infection and Microbiology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China.
Beijing Applied Biological Technologies Co., LTD, China.
J Infect. 2024 Sep;89(3):106222. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106222. Epub 2024 Jul 11.
To evaluate the role of Bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis), B. parapertussis, B. holmesii, and B. bronchiseptica on pertussis resurgence in China, particularly the sharp rise since the latest winter.
Nasopharyngeal swabs collected from children with pertussis-like illness from January 2018 to March 2024 were cultured to detect B. pertussis, B. parapertussis, B. holmesii, and B. bronchiseptica, and tested for all of these except for B. bronchiseptica using a pooled real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kit targeting insertion sequences ptxS1, IS481, IS1001, and hIS1001.
Out of the collected 7732 nasopharyngeal swabs, 1531 cases tested positive for B. pertussis (19.8%, 1531/7732), and 10 cases were positive for B. parapertussis (0.1%, 10/7732). B. holmesii and B.bronchiseptica were not detected. The number of specimens and the detection rate of B. pertussis were 1709 and 26.9% (459/1709) in 2018, 1936 and 20.7% (400/1936) in 2019, which sharply declined to 308 and 11.4% (35/308) in 2020, 306 and 4.2% (13/306) in 2021, and then notably increased to 754 and 17.6% (133/754) in 2022, 1842 and 16.0% (295/1842) in 2023, 877 and 22.3% (196/877) in the first quarter of 2024. The proportion of children aged 3 to less than 6 years (preschool age) and 6 to 16 years (school age) in pertussis cases increased significantly during the study period, especially the proportion of school-aged children increased from 2.0% (9/459) in 2018 to 40.8% (80/196) in 2024.
B. pertussis was the predominant pathogen among children with pertussis-like illness in China, with sporadic detection of B. parapertussis and no detection of B. holmesii or B.bronchiseptica. The preschool and school-age children are increasingly prevalent in B. pertussis infection cases, which may be associated with the latest rapid escalation of pertussis outbreak.
评估百日咳博德特氏菌（百日咳杆菌）、副百日咳博德特氏菌、霍氏博德特氏菌和支气管败血博德特氏菌在中国百日咳疫情反弹中所起的作用，特别是自去年冬季以来的急剧上升情况。
对2018年1月至2024年3月期间收集的疑似百日咳患儿的鼻咽拭子进行培养，以检测百日咳杆菌、副百日咳博德特氏菌、霍氏博德特氏菌和支气管败血博德特氏菌，并使用针对插入序列ptxS1、IS481、IS1001和hIS1001的混合实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）试剂盒对除支气管败血博德特氏菌外的所有菌株进行检测。
在收集的7732份鼻咽拭子中，1531例百日咳杆菌检测呈阳性（19.8%，1531/7732），10例副百日咳博德特氏菌检测呈阳性（0.1%，10/7732）。未检测到霍氏博德特氏菌和支气管败血博德特氏菌。2018年标本数量和百日咳杆菌检出率分别为1709份和26.9%（459/1709），2019年为1936份和20.7%（400/1936），2020年急剧下降至308份和11.4%（35/308），2021年为306份和4.2%（13/306），随后在2022年显著增加至754份和17.6%（133/754），2023年为1842份和16.0%（295/1842），2024年第一季度为877份和22.3%（196/877）。在研究期间，百日咳病例中3至6岁（学龄前）和6至16岁（学龄期）儿童的比例显著增加，尤其是学龄儿童的比例从2018年的2.0%（9/459）增加到2024年的40.8%（80/196）。
百日咳杆菌是中国疑似百日咳患儿中的主要病原体，偶见副百日咳博德特氏菌检出，未检测到霍氏博德特氏菌或支气管败血博德特氏菌。学龄前和学龄期儿童百日咳杆菌感染病例日益增多，这可能与近期百日咳疫情的迅速升级有关。
