Abdalla Berun A, Kakamad Fahmi H, Namiq Hiwa Shafiq, Asaad Saywan Kakarash, Abdullah Aland S, Mustafa Ayman M, Ghafour Abdullah K, Kareem Honar O, Ahmed Samen Qadir Mohammed, Mohammed Bilal A, Hasan Karzan M, Mohammed Shvan H
Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq.
Kscien Organization for Scientific Research (Middle East Office), Hamdi Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq.
Pediatr Surg Int. 2024 Jul 13;40(1):186. doi: 10.1007/s00383-024-05769-y.
Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) typically considered a condition of the adult population; it is often disregarded in children and adolescents due to its limited recognition within the pediatrics. The current study aims to systematically review and provide insights into TOS among pediatric patients.
PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were thoroughly searched for English language studies published until March 15th, 2024. The study included those articles focusing on pediatric or adolescent individuals diagnosed with TOS. Data collected from studies encompassed date of publication, number of participants or reported cases, age (years), gender of participants, type of TOS, affected side, type of treatment, surgical approach, bony abnormality, duration of symptoms (months), outcome, and follow-up time duration (months).
The current study comprised 33 articles, 21 of which were case reports, 10 of which were case series, and the remaining were cohort studies. In this study, 356 patients were included. Females constituted 234 (65.73%) of the patient population. Among TOS types, neurogenic TOS was found among 201 (56.5%) patients. Sporting-related activity or physical activity was present in 193 (54%) patients, followed by a history of trauma in 27 (7%) patients.
Pediatric patients exhibited a higher percentage of vascular TOS than their adult counterparts, with the supraclavicular approach emerging as the preferred treatment method. Sports-related activities were identified as the primary risk factor associated with pediatric TOS.
胸廓出口综合征（TOS）通常被认为是一种成人疾病；由于其在儿科领域的认知有限，在儿童和青少年中常常被忽视。本研究旨在系统回顾并深入了解儿科患者中的TOS。
全面检索了PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science和谷歌学术数据库，以查找截至2024年3月15日发表的英文研究。该研究纳入了那些聚焦于诊断为TOS的儿科或青少年个体的文章。从研究中收集的数据包括发表日期、参与者数量或报告病例数、年龄（岁）、参与者性别、TOS类型、患侧、治疗类型、手术方法、骨骼异常、症状持续时间（月）、结果以及随访时间（月）。
本研究包含33篇文章，其中21篇为病例报告，10篇为病例系列，其余为队列研究。本研究共纳入356例患者。女性占患者总数的234例（65.73%）。在TOS类型中，201例（56.5%）患者为神经源性TOS。193例（54%）患者存在与运动相关的活动或体育活动，其次是27例（7%）患者有创伤史。
儿科患者中血管性TOS的比例高于成人患者，锁骨上入路是首选的治疗方法。与运动相关的活动被确定为与儿科TOS相关的主要危险因素。
