Klinika Psychiatrii Dorosłych w Poznaniu Uniwersytet Medyczny im. K. Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu.
Psychiatr Pol. 2024 Apr 30;58(2):249-264. doi: 10.12740/PP/160301.
This article presents the trait of sensory processing sensitivity (SPS), its characteristics, assessment tool and association with psychiatric disorders based on an analysis of the literature on SPS since 1997. An overview of research on SPS in several relevant contexts is presented: evolutionary/adaptive, socio-cultural, temperamental/personality, and biological, taking into account the influence of genetic factors and the activity of specific areas of the central nervous system involved in processing emotional and cognitive stimuli. High sensitivity of sensory processing is an innate trait, biologically determined and modulating developmental processes, occurring in 20-35% of the general population regardless of gender. It is characterized by deeper processing of stimuli, ease of overstimulation, strong emotional reactions and empathic bonds, as well as sensitivity to subtleties in the surrounding world. SPS can be associated with susceptibility to the development of a wide range of psychiatric symptoms and disorders, including depressive and anxiety disorders, social phobia, alexithymia, burnout, internalizing and externalizing disorders and selective mutism in children.
本文通过分析自 1997 年以来有关感觉加工敏感性（SPS）的文献，介绍了 SPS 的特征、评估工具及其与精神障碍的关系。本文综述了 SPS 在几个相关背景下的研究，包括进化/适应性、社会文化、气质/人格和生物学，同时考虑了遗传因素的影响和参与处理情绪和认知刺激的中枢神经系统特定区域的活动。高感觉加工敏感性是一种先天特质，由生物决定，调节着发育过程，在 20-35%的普通人群中发生，无论性别如何。它的特征是对刺激进行更深入的处理，容易过度刺激，强烈的情绪反应和同理心联系，以及对周围世界细微差别敏感。SPS 可能与广泛的精神症状和障碍的易感性有关，包括抑郁和焦虑障碍、社交恐惧症、述情障碍、倦怠、内化和外化障碍以及儿童选择性缄默症。
