MacIver David H, Zhang Henggui, Johnson Christopher, Papatheodorou Efstathios, Parry-Williams Gemma, Sharma Sanjay, Oxborough David
Biological Physics Group, Department of Astronomy and Physics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Department of Cardiology, Taunton & Somerset Hospital, Musgrove Park, UK.
Echo Res Pract. 2024 Jul 15;11(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s44156-024-00052-1.
Global longitudinal active strain energy density (GLASED) is an innovative method for assessing myocardial function and quantifies the work performed per unit volume of the left ventricular myocardium. The GLASED, measured using MRI, is the best prognostic marker currently available. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of measuring the GLASED using echocardiography and to investigate potential differences in the GLASED among athletes based on age and sex.
An echocardiographic study was conducted with male controls, male and female young athletes, and male and female veteran athletes. GLASED was calculated from the myocardial stress and strain.
The mean age (in years) of the young athletes was 21.6 for males and 21.4 for females, while the mean age of the veteran athletes was 53.5 for males and 54.2 for females. GLASED was found to be highest in young male athletes (2.40 kJ/m) and lowest in female veterans (1.96 kJ/m). Veteran males exhibited lower values (1.96 kJ/m3) than young male athletes did (P < 0.001). Young females demonstrated greater GLASED (2.28 kJ/m) than did veteran females (P < 0.01). However, no significant difference in the GLASED was observed between male and female veterans.
Our findings demonstrated the feasibility of measuring GLASED using echocardiography. GLASED values were greater in young male athletes than in female athletes and decreased with age, suggesting possible physiological differences in their myocardium. The sex-related differences observed in GLASED values among young athletes were no longer present in veteran athletes. We postulate that measuring the GLASED may serve as a useful additional screening tool for cardiac diseases in athletes, particularly for those with borderline phenotypes of hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies.
全球纵向主动应变能量密度（GLASED）是一种评估心肌功能的创新方法，可量化左心室心肌每单位体积所做的功。使用磁共振成像（MRI）测量的GLASED是目前可用的最佳预后标志物。本研究旨在评估使用超声心动图测量GLASED的可行性，并探讨不同年龄和性别的运动员之间GLASED的潜在差异。
对男性对照组、青年男女运动员和老年男女运动员进行了一项超声心动图研究。根据心肌应力和应变计算GLASED。
青年男性运动员的平均年龄为21.6岁，青年女性运动员为21.4岁，老年男性运动员为53.5岁，老年女性运动员为54.2岁。发现GLASED在青年男性运动员中最高（2.40kJ/m³），在老年女性运动员中最低（1.96kJ/m³）。老年男性的GLASED值（1.96kJ/m³）低于青年男性运动员（P<0.001）。青年女性的GLASED（2.28kJ/m³）高于老年女性（P<0.01）。然而，老年男性和女性之间的GLASED没有显著差异。
我们的研究结果证明了使用超声心动图测量GLASED的可行性。青年男性运动员的GLASED值高于女性运动员，且随年龄增长而降低，这表明他们的心肌可能存在生理差异。在老年运动员中，青年运动员中观察到的与性别相关的GLASED值差异不再存在。我们推测，测量GLASED可能是运动员心脏病的一种有用的额外筛查工具，特别是对于那些具有肥厚型和扩张型心肌病临界表型的运动员。
