Zhan Mengyuan, Yin Jia, Xu Tengda, Wen Liping
Department of Allergy State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 China.
Allergy Department Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 China.
Glob Chall. 2024 Jun 3;8(7):2300331. doi: 10.1002/gch2.202300331. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Over the past decades, red meat allergy, also known as mammalian meat allergy, which manifests differently from classic food allergies, has been reported in different countries and regions, including China. The allergen of this disease is not a protein but an oligosaccharide: galactose-α-1,3-galactose, i.e., alpha-gal or α-gal. Therefore, this clinical syndrome is also called α-gal syndrome (AGS). It clinically manifests as delayed anaphylaxis, i.e., patients generally develop allergic symptoms 2-6 h after ingesting red meat. This clinical manifestation is believed to be related to sensitization to α-gal after tick bites. Sensitized individuals may also develop anaphylaxis after ingesting food and medicine or being exposed to medical equipment containing α-gal, such as cetuximab and gelatin. Here, the literature on AGS is reviewed for a better understanding of its pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis, and treatment.
在过去几十年中，红肉过敏，也称为哺乳动物肉过敏，其表现与经典食物过敏不同，在包括中国在内的不同国家和地区均有报道。这种疾病的过敏原不是蛋白质，而是一种寡糖：半乳糖-α-1,3-半乳糖，即α-半乳糖或α-gal。因此，这种临床综合征也称为α-半乳糖综合征（AGS）。其临床表现为迟发性过敏反应，即患者通常在摄入红肉后2-6小时出现过敏症状。这种临床表现被认为与蜱虫叮咬后对α-半乳糖致敏有关。致敏个体在摄入食物和药物或接触含有α-半乳糖的医疗设备（如西妥昔单抗和明胶）后也可能发生过敏反应。在此，对关于AGS的文献进行综述，以更好地了解其发病机制、临床诊断和治疗。
