Diagnostic efficacy of ACA, aβ2-GP1, hs-CRP, and Hcy for cerebral infarction and their relationship with the disease severity.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of anti-cardiolipin antibodies (ACA), anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2-GP1), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) in cerebral infarction and to explore their relationship with disease severity.

METHODS

Medical records of 67 cerebral infarction patients admitted from May 2020 to January 2023 and 50 healthy individuals undergoing health checkups were retrospectively analyzed. The levels of ACA, aβ2-GP1, hs-CRP, and Hcy were compared, their correlation with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores was assessed, and their diagnostic efficacy across different disease severities were evaluated. A joint predictive score formula, defined as -6.054712173 + aβ2-GP11.906727231 + Hcy0.576221974, which combines aβ2-GP1 and Hcy levels, was developed to assess the likelihood of cerebral infarction in our study population.

RESULTS

The levels of ACA, aβ2-GP1, hs-CRP and Hcy, and joint predictive score were significantly higher in the patient group (all P < 0.001). ROC analysis yielded AUCs of 0.887 for ACA, 0.894 for aβ2-GP1, 0.899 for hs-CRP, 0.880 for Hcy, and 0.954 for the joint predictive score. Delong's test showed no statistical difference in most indicators compared to the joint predictive score (P > 0.05), except aβ2-GP1 (P < 0.05). Pearson's correlation analysis indicated that aβ2-GP1, Hcy, and the joint predictive score were positively correlated of with NIHSS score (all P < 0.05), while ACA and hs-CRP were not (P > 0.05). Notable differences in aβ2-GP1 and the joint predictive score were observed among varying severity levels (P < 0.01), with the joint predictive score showing superior diagnostic efficacy in distinguishing between mild and moderate/severe cases (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION

ACA, aβ2-GP1, hs-CRP, and Hcy are effective biomarkers for diagnosing cerebral infarction, and are positively correlated with disease severity. The joint predictive score demonstrates enhanced accuracy in discerning degree of severity.