Aksak-Wąs Bogusz, Karasińska-Cieślak Malwina, Parczewski Miłosz
Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases and Acquired Immunodeficiency, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
Clin Exp Gastroenterol. 2024 Jul 9;17:185-190. doi: 10.2147/CEG.S459696. eCollection 2024.
This case report provides data on unique challenges related to amoebiasis diagnostics and treatment in non-endemic regions. The presented case report is focused a 28-year-old male patient of Indian origin, temporarily living in Poland, who was diagnosed with an amoebic liver abscess. The patient presented with a range of non-specific symptoms including shortness of breath, chest pain, and fever. The differential diagnosis included cardio-pulmonary diseases, a range of tropical diseases such as malaria or typhoid fever, bacterial abscesses, and malignancies, necessitating a comprehensive, multi-modal diagnostic approach. This approach included an extensive review of patient history, physical examination, and various laboratory and imaging investigations. A further challenge in this case was the unavailability of standard cysticidal treatments in Poland, which required individualized therapeutic strategy. Despite these obstacles, the patient was successfully treated using an alternative regimen of intravenous metronidazole, ceftriaxone, doxycycline, chloroquine, and finally, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (treatment with metronidazole was used as a base drug, due to the lack of typical cysticidal treatment, an alternative treatment was added: chloroquine is a recommended drug used in the treatment of pregnant patients, in addition, doxycycline showed in vitro activity against Entamoeba histolytica). This therapeutic journey underscored the value of adaptability in treatment protocols, particularly in regions where certain resources may not be readily available. This case report underlines the importance of broadening the differential diagnosis in non-endemic regions to include tropical diseases, particularly in the context of increasing global travel and migration. It also highlights the significance of employing comprehensive diagnostic strategies and adaptable treatment protocols in such scenarios. In addition, the report reiterates the need for global collaboration and education among healthcare providers to effectively manage tropical diseases, especially in non-endemic regions. Through its exploration of the complexities associated with diagnosing and managing amebiasis in a non-endemic region, this report offers valuable insights to clinicians worldwide.
本病例报告提供了非流行地区阿米巴病诊断和治疗相关独特挑战的数据。所呈现的病例报告聚焦于一名28岁的印度裔男性患者,他临时居住在波兰,被诊断为阿米巴肝脓肿。该患者出现了一系列非特异性症状,包括呼吸急促、胸痛和发热。鉴别诊断包括心肺疾病、一系列热带疾病如疟疾或伤寒、细菌性脓肿和恶性肿瘤,这需要全面的多模式诊断方法。这种方法包括广泛回顾患者病史、体格检查以及各种实验室和影像学检查。该病例的另一个挑战是波兰没有标准的杀包囊治疗药物,这需要个性化的治疗策略。尽管有这些障碍,该患者通过静脉注射甲硝唑、头孢曲松、多西环素、氯喹,最后使用甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑的替代方案成功治愈(由于缺乏典型的杀包囊治疗药物,以甲硝唑治疗作为基础药物,并添加了替代治疗药物:氯喹是推荐用于治疗孕妇的药物,此外,多西环素在体外显示出对溶组织内阿米巴的活性)。这一治疗过程强调了治疗方案灵活性的价值,特别是在某些资源可能无法轻易获得的地区。本病例报告强调了在非流行地区扩大鉴别诊断范围以纳入热带疾病的重要性,特别是在全球旅行和移民增加的背景下。它还突出了在这种情况下采用全面诊断策略和灵活治疗方案的重要性。此外,该报告重申了全球医疗保健提供者之间开展合作和教育以有效管理热带疾病的必要性,特别是在非流行地区。通过探索在非流行地区诊断和管理阿米巴病相关的复杂性,本报告为全球临床医生提供了宝贵的见解。