Cai Zhidong, Cai Ruibao, Sen Li
Department of Physical Education, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China.
School of Physical Education, Chizhou University, Chizhou, China.
Front Psychol. 2024 Jun 28;15:1376688. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1376688. eCollection 2024.
This scoping review examined the impact of physical exercise on executive function (EF) in older adults and investigated the moderating effects of exercise types.
We systematically searched four electronic databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of exercise on EF, published until November 26, 2023. The proportions of positive and null/negative effects across all studies were calculated.
In total, 91 studies were included in the analysis. Among these, 27 (29.7%) studies employed aerobic exercise interventions for older adults' EF, with 19 (70.4%) studies reporting positive effects. Additionally, 18 (19.8%) studies utilized strength exercise interventions for older adults' EF, with 15 (83.3%) studies demonstrating positive benefits. Furthermore, 32 (35.2%) studies employed coordination exercise interventions for older adults' EF, with 25 (78.1%) studies showing positive benefits. Similarly, 30 (33%) studies applied mixed exercise interventions for older adults' EF, with 25 (83.3%) studies indicating positive benefits.
Overall, all four types of physical exercise enhance EF in older adults, with mixed exercises being the most effective.
本范围综述研究了体育锻炼对老年人执行功能（EF）的影响，并调查了运动类型的调节作用。
我们系统检索了四个电子数据库，以查找截至2023年11月26日发表的关于运动对EF影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。计算了所有研究中积极影响和无影响/负面影响的比例。
总共91项研究纳入了分析。其中，27项（29.7%）研究采用有氧运动干预老年人的EF，19项（70.4%）研究报告了积极影响。此外，18项（19.8%）研究采用力量训练干预老年人的EF，15项（83.3%）研究显示出积极效果。此外，32项（35.2%）研究采用协调性运动干预老年人的EF，25项（78.1%）研究显示出积极效果。同样，30项（33%）研究采用混合运动干预老年人的EF，25项（83.3%）研究表明有积极效果。
总体而言，所有四种类型的体育锻炼都能增强老年人的EF，其中混合运动最为有效。
