Varadarajan Visvarath, Pandurangan Viswanathan, Srinivasan Devasena, Joseph Leena, Vasugi Arumugam
General Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND.
Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Jun 11;16(6):e62190. doi: 10.7759/cureus.62190. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare multisystem disease characterized by vasculitis affecting small vessels, resulting in the formation of necrotising granulomata, primarily affecting the lungs, the upper respiratory tract, and kidneys. Almost all patients have upper and lower respiratory involvement; up to 85% of patients with GPA develop kidney disease within two years of diagnosis. Cutaneous, neurological, and ocular manifestations are also seen with varying frequencies. However, cardiac manifestations of the disease are rare and scarcely reported in the literature. Here, we report a case of a 65-year-old female with an initial diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis based on the presence of septate hyphae branching at acute angles on lung biopsy and elevated serum galactomannan, who, over the following months, developed a multitude of issues such as myocardial infarction, sterile endocarditis, splenic infarction, and heart block, as well as the challenges faced in establishing a diagnosis and managing its complications.
肉芽肿性多血管炎(GPA)是一种罕见的多系统疾病,其特征为影响小血管的血管炎,导致坏死性肉芽肿形成,主要累及肺部、上呼吸道和肾脏。几乎所有患者都有上、下呼吸道受累;高达85%的GPA患者在诊断后两年内会发展为肾脏疾病。皮肤、神经和眼部表现也有不同频率的出现。然而,该疾病的心脏表现罕见,文献报道也很少。在此,我们报告一例65岁女性,最初根据肺活检中存在呈锐角分支的分隔菌丝以及血清半乳甘露聚糖升高诊断为肺曲霉病,在接下来的几个月里,出现了心肌梗死、无菌性心内膜炎、脾梗死和心脏传导阻滞等诸多问题,以及在确立诊断和处理其并发症过程中所面临的挑战。