Arthanari Abirami, Sureshbabu Shanmathy, Ramalingam Karthikeyan, Ravindran Vignesh, Prathap Lavanya
Department of Forensic Odontology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND.
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Jun 14;16(6):e62367. doi: 10.7759/cureus.62367. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Background Gender determination is critical to forensic science and medico-legal applications. Given that it is the most dimorphic bone in the skull and is frequently found intact, the mandibular bone may be extremely important in determining gender. Orthopantomograms (OPGs) are quite helpful in accurately estimating age and sex in this regard. It is a laborious task for forensics to determine the gender of victims of mass casualties, natural disasters, and severely dismembered bodies. The mandible, which is susceptible to development spurts, has a high degree of accuracy for determining sex. Aim This study aims to evaluate the potential use of coronoid height and condylar height as reliable anatomical markers for determining gender. Materials and methods In this study, 100 samples were used as study samples, 50 of which were male and 50 of which were female, in the age group of 20-30 years. The OPGs were obtained using a Planmeca Promax Scara 3 Digital OPG Machine (Planmeca, Helsinki, Finland), with settings of 70 kVp, 8 mA for 0.9 seconds, ensuring a 1:1 ratio. The images were then transferred to Planmeca Romexis® Viewer Software, Version 6.0 (Planmeca Oy, Helsinki, Finland) for measurement recording. Results Descriptive statistical analysis was done for this study and discriminant analysis was also done to create a population-specific formula. Results showed that the standard mean error for males concerning condylar height was 2.3 and coronoid height was 0.7. The standard mean error for females by condylar height was 1.6 and coronoid height was 0.6. The p-value was significant for coronoid height in both males and females. The p-value was not clinically significant for condylar height in both males and females. Conclusion The study's findings indicate that a larger mandibular angle is advantageous for gender assessment and helps with gender dimorphism. Out of both the parameters evaluated, coronoid height has shown statistical significance in both males and females. Hence, the study concludes that the parameter, coronoid height can be utilized to assess the gender of an individual.
背景 性别鉴定对于法医学和法医学应用至关重要。鉴于下颌骨是颅骨中最具二态性的骨骼，且经常完整保存，它在性别鉴定中可能极为重要。在这方面，全景曲面断层片（OPG）对于准确估计年龄和性别非常有帮助。对于法医来说，确定大规模伤亡、自然灾害和严重肢解尸体受害者的性别是一项艰巨的任务。下颌骨容易出现发育突增，在确定性别方面具有较高的准确性。
目的 本研究旨在评估喙突高度和髁突高度作为确定性别的可靠解剖学标志的潜在用途。
材料和方法 在本研究中，使用了100个样本作为研究样本，年龄在20至30岁之间，其中50例为男性，50例为女性。使用Planmeca Promax Scara 3数字OPG机器（芬兰赫尔辛基的Planmeca公司）获取OPG，设置为70 kVp、8 mA，曝光0.9秒，确保1:1的比例。然后将图像传输到Planmeca Romexis® Viewer软件6.0版（芬兰赫尔辛基的Planmeca Oy公司）进行测量记录。
结果 对本研究进行了描述性统计分析，并进行了判别分析以创建特定人群的公式。结果显示，男性髁突高度的标准平均误差为2.3，喙突高度为0.7。女性髁突高度的标准平均误差为1.6，喙突高度为0.6。男性和女性的喙突高度p值均具有显著性。男性和女性的髁突高度p值在临床上均无显著性。
结论 该研究结果表明，较大的下颌角有利于性别评估，并有助于性别二态性的判断。在所评估的两个参数中，喙突高度在男性和女性中均显示出统计学意义。因此，该研究得出结论，喙突高度这一参数可用于评估个体的性别。
