College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2024 Jun 28;14:1380708. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1380708. eCollection 2024.
The escalating occurrence of infectious disease outbreaks in humans and animals necessitates innovative, effective, and integrated research to better comprehend their transmission and dynamics. Viral infection in livestock has led to profound economic losses globally. Pneumonia is the prevalent cause of death in sheep. However, very few studies exist regarding virus-related pathogens in sheep. Metagenomics sequencing technologies in livestock research hold significant potential to elucidate these contingencies and enhance our understanding.
Therefore, this study aims to characterize respiratory viromes in paired nasal swabs from Inner Mongolian feedlot sheep in China using metaviromic sequencing. Through deep sequencing, assembly, and similarity searches using translated protein sequences, several previously uncharacterized and known viruses were identified in this study.
Among these discoveries, a novel Bovine Rhinitis B Virus (BRBV) (BRBV-sheep) strain was serendipitously detected in the nasal swabs of domestic sheep (Ovis aries). To facilitate further molecular epidemiological studies, the entire genome of BRBV-sheep was also determined. Owing to the unique sequence characteristics and phylogenetic position of BRBV-sheep, genetically distinct lineages of BRBV in sheep may exist. A TaqMan-based qRT-PCR assay targeting the 3D polymerase gene was developed and used to screen 592 clinical sheep specimens. The results showed that 44.59% of the samples (264/592) were positive. These findings suggest that BRBV sheep are widespread among Inner Mongolian herds.
This discovery marks the initial identification of BRBV in sheep within Inner Mongolia, China. These findings contribute to our understanding of the epidemiology and genetic evolution of BRBV. Recognizing the presence of BRBV in sheep informs strategies for disease management and surveillance and the potential development of targeted interventions to control its spread.
人类和动物传染病的不断增加，需要创新、有效和综合的研究来更好地理解它们的传播和动态。家畜病毒感染在全球范围内造成了巨大的经济损失。肺炎是绵羊死亡的主要原因。然而，关于绵羊病毒相关病原体的研究非常少。元基因组测序技术在畜牧业研究中具有很大的潜力，可以阐明这些情况并增强我们的理解。
因此，本研究旨在使用宏病毒组测序技术对来自中国内蒙古育肥羊的配对鼻腔拭子中的呼吸道病毒组进行特征描述。通过深度测序、组装和使用翻译蛋白序列的相似性搜索，在本研究中鉴定了几种以前未描述和已知的病毒。
在这些发现中，在绵羊的鼻腔拭子中意外地检测到一种新型牛鼻炎 B 病毒（BRBV）（BRBV-sheep）株。为了便于进一步的分子流行病学研究，还确定了 BRBV-sheep 的全基因组。由于 BRBV-sheep 的独特序列特征和系统发育位置，绵羊中可能存在遗传上不同的 BRBV 谱系。针对 3D 聚合酶基因设计了一种基于 TaqMan 的 qRT-PCR 检测方法，并用于筛选 592 份临床绵羊样本。结果表明，44.59%的样本（264/592）为阳性。这些发现表明 BRBV-sheep 在中国内蒙古的羊群中广泛存在。
本研究首次在中国内蒙古的绵羊中鉴定出 BRBV。这些发现有助于我们了解 BRBV 的流行病学和遗传进化。认识到绵羊中存在 BRBV 可以为疾病管理和监测提供策略，并为控制其传播提供有针对性的干预措施。
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