Kikugawa K, Kato T, Hayatsu H
Mutat Res. 1985 Oct-Nov;158(1-2):35-44. doi: 10.1016/0165-1218(85)90095-3.
Mutagens have been found in smoked, dried bonito products, popular items in Japanese foods. The mutagens were isolated by means of blue cotton, an absorbent cotton preparation with covalently bound trisulfo-copper-phthalocyanine residues, and by means of XAD-2 resin. The mutagenicity was positive in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 with metabolic activation. The mutagens are produced during the process of smoking-and-drying bonito (a process called baikan). The activity was much higher than that expected from the content of benzo[a]pyrene. In contrast to benzo[a]pyrene, the mutagens were not inhibited by ellagic acid. The mutagenicity was not abolished by treatment with nitrite. Thin-layer and high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis gave two mutagenic fractions, both of which were distinguishable from benzo[a]pyrene and from the pyrolysis products Trp-P-1, Trp-P-2, Glu-P-1, Glu-P-2, A alpha C and MeA alpha C. The major mutagenic component was not chromatographically distinguishable from IQ and MeIQx, and the minor one was very similar to MeIQ. The smoked, dried bonito products contained free fatty acids, which were inhibitory to the mutagenicity of the bonito products.
在烟熏、干燥的鲣鱼制品中发现了诱变剂，鲣鱼制品是日本食品中的常见物品。诱变剂通过蓝色棉花（一种带有共价结合的三磺基铜酞菁残基的脱脂棉制剂）和XAD - 2树脂进行分离。在有代谢活化的情况下，鼠伤寒沙门氏菌TA98菌株的诱变性呈阳性。诱变剂是在烟熏和干燥鲣鱼的过程（称为焙煎）中产生的。其活性远高于根据苯并[a]芘含量所预期的活性。与苯并[a]芘不同，诱变剂不受鞣花酸抑制。用亚硝酸盐处理不能消除诱变性。薄层色谱和高效液相色谱分析得到两个诱变级分，二者均与苯并[a]芘以及热解产物Trp - P - 1、Trp - P - 2、Glu - P - 1、Glu - P - 2、AαC和MeAαC有区别。主要诱变成分在色谱上与IQ和MeIQx无法区分，次要成分与MeIQ非常相似。烟熏、干燥的鲣鱼制品含有游离脂肪酸，这些游离脂肪酸对鲣鱼制品的诱变性有抑制作用。
