School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Ottawa, Canada.
Interdisciplinary Centre for Black Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Ottawa, Canada.
J Med Virol. 2024 Jul;96(7):e29795. doi: 10.1002/jmv.29795.
Despite increased risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections and higher rates of COVID-19-related complications, racialized and Indigenous communities in Canada have lower immunization uptake compared to White individuals. However, there is woeful lack of data on predictors of COVID-19 vaccine mistrust (VM) that accounts for diverse social and cultural contexts within specific racialized and Indigenous communities. Therefore, we sought to characterize COVID-19 VM among Arab, Asian, Black, and Indigenous communities in Canada. An online survey was administered to a nationally representative, ethnically diverse panel of participants in October 2023. Arabic, Asian, Indigenous, and Black respondents were enriched in the sampling panel. Data were collected on demographics, COVID-19 VM, experience of racial discrimination, health literacy, and conspiracy beliefs. We used descriptive and regression analyses to determine the extent and predictors of COVID-19 VM among racialized and Indigenous individuals. All racialized respondents had higher VM score compared to White participants. Among 4220 respondents, we observed highest VM among Black individuals (12.18; ±4.24), followed by Arabic (12.12; ±4.60), Indigenous (11.84; ±5.18), Asian (10.61; ±4.28), and White (9.58; ±5.00) participants. In the hierarchical linear regression analyses, Black participants, women, everyday racial discrimination, and major experience of discrimination were positively associated with COVID-19 VM. Effects of racial discrimination were mediated by addition of conspiracy beliefs to the model. Racialized and Indigenous communities experience varying levels of COVID-19 VM and carry specific predictors and mediators to development of VM. This underscores the intricate interaction between race, gender, discrimination, and VM that need to be considered in future vaccination campaigns.
尽管加拿大的少数族裔和原住民社区感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 的风险增加，且 COVID-19 相关并发症的发生率更高，但与白人相比，他们的疫苗接种率较低。然而，对于导致 COVID-19 疫苗不信任（VM）的预测因素，存在着可悲的缺乏数据，这些因素考虑了特定少数族裔和原住民社区内多样化的社会和文化背景。因此，我们试图描述加拿大的阿拉伯、亚洲、黑人、原住民社区的 COVID-19 VM。2023 年 10 月，我们向一个具有全国代表性、种族多样化的参与者小组进行了在线调查。在抽样小组中，丰富了阿拉伯、亚洲、原住民和黑人的受访者。收集了人口统计学、COVID-19 VM、种族歧视经历、健康素养和阴谋信仰方面的数据。我们使用描述性和回归分析来确定种族化和原住民个体中 COVID-19 VM 的程度和预测因素。与白人参与者相比，所有种族化的受访者的 VM 评分都更高。在 4220 名受访者中，我们观察到黑人的 VM 最高（12.18；±4.24），其次是阿拉伯人（12.12；±4.60）、原住民（11.84；±5.18）、亚洲人（10.61；±4.28）和白人（9.58；±5.00）。在分层线性回归分析中，黑人参与者、女性、日常种族歧视以及重大歧视经历与 COVID-19 VM 呈正相关。种族歧视的影响通过向模型中添加阴谋信仰而得到介导。种族化和原住民社区经历了不同程度的 COVID-19 VM，并且具有发展 VM 的特定预测因素和介导因素。这突显了种族、性别、歧视和 VM 之间复杂的相互作用，这需要在未来的疫苗接种活动中加以考虑。
