Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, Agrotecnio-CERCA Center, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
Crop Protection, Corteva Agriscience, Guyancourt, France.
Pest Manag Sci. 2024 Nov;80(11):5843-5851. doi: 10.1002/ps.8315. Epub 2024 Jul 15.
A 4-year experiment evaluated the effects of different integrated weed management (IWM) programs on the evolution of a Echinochloa crus-galli population resistant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors in a maize cropping system. The programs included the continued use of ALS inhibitors, mixing them with alternative herbicides, or without ALS-inhibitors, in all cases under maize monocrop or a biennial crop rotation.
IWM programs that relied solely on non-ALS-inhibitors usually achieved high control levels across years (> 90%). Additionally, Trp574Leu-resistant plants became prevalent (> 90%) in programs only using ALS inhibitors, while in the rest the frequency of susceptible plants did not substantially decrease below 40%. Regarding the other monitored grass weeds, Digitaria sanguinalis and Panicum dichotomiflorum were effectively controlled in programs using ALS-inhibitors without soybean rotation or in programs without ALS-inhibitors altogether, excepting the program relying on an 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)-inhibitor under maize monocrop for the latter species (0%).
At the end of the experiment, the only IWM programs that reduced infestation levels were the one without ALS-inhibitors under soybean rotation, and the one with standard pre-emergence treatments. These findings highlight the effectiveness of crop rotation and alternative herbicides both pre- or post-emergence in controlling E. crus-galli. ALS-inhibitors, while challenged by resistance in E. crus-galli, remain valuable tools for managing other grass weed species in maize. It is crucial to adapt IWM strategies for herbicide-resistant E. crus-galli and other grass weed populations to mitigate the further evolution of resistance. © 2024 Corteva Agriscience. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
一项为期 4 年的实验评估了不同的综合杂草管理（IWM）方案对玉米种植系统中乙酰乳酸合酶（ALS）抑制剂抗性稗草种群演变的影响。这些方案包括继续使用 ALS 抑制剂，将其与替代除草剂混合使用，或在玉米单作或两年轮作的情况下不使用 ALS 抑制剂。
仅依赖非 ALS 抑制剂的 IWM 方案通常在多年内实现了高控制水平（>90%）。此外，仅使用 ALS 抑制剂的方案中，Trp574Leu 抗性植株变得普遍存在（>90%），而在其他方案中，敏感植株的频率并没有实质性地降低到 40%以下。关于其他监测的禾本科杂草，使用 ALS 抑制剂的方案中，Digitaria sanguinalis 和 Panicum dichotomiflorum 得到了有效控制，而不使用大豆轮作或完全不使用 ALS 抑制剂的方案中也是如此，除了在玉米单作下依赖 4-羟基苯基丙酮酸双加氧酶（HPPD）抑制剂的方案中后者（0%）。
在实验结束时，唯一能降低侵染水平的 IWM 方案是在大豆轮作下不使用 ALS 抑制剂的方案，以及使用标准芽前处理的方案。这些发现强调了作物轮作和替代除草剂的有效性，无论是芽前还是芽后，都能控制稗草。ALS 抑制剂虽然在稗草中受到抗药性的挑战，但仍是管理玉米中其他禾本科杂草的有价值工具。适应针对具有抗药性的稗草和其他禾本科杂草种群的 IWM 策略对于减轻抗药性的进一步演变至关重要。© 2024 科迪华农业科技。Pest Management Science 由 John Wiley & Sons Ltd 代表化学工业协会出版。
